1 Samuel 21:13

“So he changed his behavior before their eyes and pretended to be mad in their hands, and made marks on the doors of the gate, and let his saliva run down onto his beard.”

1 Samuel 21:13 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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With the Hebrew beneath

13

1 Samuel 21:13, word by word

So he changedיְשַׁנּyeshan

change

To make something different from what it was.

Where else “yeshan” appears
his behaviorטַעְמtam

behavior

The way a person behaves before others.

Where else “tam” appears
before their eyesעֵינֵיene

sight

"In the eyes of" someone: in their view.

Where else “ene” appears
and pretended to be madיִּתְהֹלֵלyitholel

go mad

To lose one's reason and behave without control, like a madman.

Where else “yitholel” appears
in their handsיָדָyada

hand

The part of the body with which one takes, gives and works; also what one does.

Where else “yada” appears
and made marksיְתָיוyetayv

make marks

Make marks or scratches; scribble.

Where else “yetayv” appears
the doorsדַּלְתוֹתdaltot

door

The wooden or metal leaf that opens and shuts the entrance of a house or city.

Where else “daltot” appears
of the gateשַּׁעַרshaar

gate

The entrance of a city or house, with doors that close.

Where else “shaar” appears
and let his saliva run downיּוֹרֶדyored

bring down

To bring something or someone to a lower place.

Where else “yored” appears
and let his saliva run downרִירrir

saliva

Liquid dripping from the mouth.

Where else “rir” appears
his beardזְקָנzekan

beard

Beard; also the chin.

Where else “zekan” appears

Translation note

The title of Psalm 34 recalls this moment.

The context

12David laid these words in his heart and was very afraid of Achish king of Gath.

13 · This verse (above)

14Achish said to his servants, “Look, you see a man behaving like a madman. Why do you bring him to me?

Read all of 1 Samuel 21

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