1 Samuel 25:39

“David heard that Nabal had died, and he said, “Blessed be YHWH, who has defended the cause of my insult at the hand of Nabal, and has held back his servant from evil; and the evil of Nabal YHWH has returned on his own head.” David sent and spoke to Abigail to take her to himself as wife.”

1 Samuel 25:39 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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With the Hebrew beneath

39

1 Samuel 25:39, word by word

Davidדָּוִדdavid

David

David, youngest son of Jesse, of Bethlehem; the second king of Israel. The name means "beloved."

Where else “david” appears
heardיִּשְׁמַעyishma

hear

To hear a sound, or learn of something.

Where else “yishma” appears
Nabalנָבָלnaval

Nabal

Nabal, a rich man of Maon, husband of Abigail, who scorned David (1 Samuel 25). His name sounds the same as the Hebrew word for "fool".

Where else “naval” appears
had diedמֵתmet

die

To cease living; also, one who has ceased living.

Where else “met” appears
and he saidיֹּאמֶרyomer

say

To say with the mouth to someone what one thinks or wants, or to answer him.

Where else “yomer” appears
“Blessed beבָּרוּךְbaruch

praise

To praise God: "blessed be YHWH".

Where else “baruch” appears
YHWHיְהוָהyehva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yehva” appears
has defendedרָבrav

plead

To argue a cause; YHWH accuses his people.

Where else “rav” appears
the causeרִיבriv

case

A matter brought before the judge.

Where else “riv” appears
of my insultחֶרְפָּתִcherpati

disgrace, reproach

Disgrace, reproach, scorn from others. Being childless was then felt as a humiliation.

Where else “cherpati” appears
at the handיַּדyad

hand

The part of the body with which one takes, gives and works; also what one does.

Where else “yad” appears
and has held backחָשַׂךְchasach

restrain

To curb something, like the tongue, or stop someone.

Where else “chasach” appears
his servantעַבְדּavd

your servant

"Your servant": a humble way to say "I".

Where else “avd” appears
from evilרָעָהraa

evil

What is evil, the opposite of good.

Where else “raa” appears
has returnedהֵשִׁיבheshiv

return

To go back to a place.

Where else “heshiv” appears
on his own headרֹאשׁrosh

head

The upper part of the body, where the face and hair are.

Where else “rosh” appears
sentיִּשְׁלַחyishlach

send

To send someone or something.

Where else “yishlach” appears
and spokeיְדַבֵּרyedaber

speak

To speak, say something; above all God to his people.

Where else “yedaber” appears
to Abigailאֲבִיגַיִלavigayil

Abigail

Abigail: the name of two women; best known is the wife of Nabal, a woman of good understanding, who later became David's wife (1 Samuel 25); the other is a sister of David (1 Chronicles 2:16). It means "my father rejoices".

Where else “avigayil” appears
to take herקַחְתָּkachta

take a wife

"Take a wife": to marry.

Where else “kachta” appears
as wifeאִשָּׁהisha

wife

Literally "his woman": the one married to him.

Where else “isha” appears

The context

38About ten days later YHWH struck down Nabal, and he died.

39 · This verse (above)

40David’s servants came to Abigail at Carmel and spoke to her, saying, “David has sent us to you to take you to himself as wife.”

Read all of 1 Samuel 25

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