DavidדָּוִדheardוַיִּשְׁמַעthatכִּיNabalנָבָלhad died,מֵתand he said,וַיֹּאמֶר“Blessed beבָּרוּךְYHWH,יְהוָהwhoאֲשֶׁרhas defendedרָבthe causeאֶת רִיבof my insultחֶרְפָּתִיat the handמִיַּדof Nabal,נָבָלand has held backחָשַׂךְhis servantוְאֶת עַבְדּוֹfrom evil;מֵרָעָהand the evilוְאֵת רָעַתof NabalנָבָלYHWHיְהוָהhas returnedהֵשִׁיבon his own head.”בְּרֹאשׁוֹDavidדָּוִדsentוַיִּשְׁלַחand spokeוַיְדַבֵּרto Abigailבַּאֲבִיגַיִלto take herלְקַחְתָּהּto himselfלוֹas wife.לְאִשָּׁה
1 Samuel 25:39
Study it in the app“David heard that Nabal had died, and he said, “Blessed be YHWH, who has defended the cause of my insult at the hand of Nabal, and has held back his servant from evil; and the evil of Nabal YHWH has returned on his own head.” David sent and spoke to Abigail to take her to himself as wife.”
With the Hebrew beneath
1 Samuel 25:39, word by word
- Davidדָּוִדdavid
David
David, youngest son of Jesse, of Bethlehem; the second king of Israel. The name means "beloved."
Where else “david” appears- heardיִּשְׁמַעyishma
hear
To hear a sound, or learn of something.
Where else “yishma” appears- Nabalנָבָלnaval
Nabal
Nabal, a rich man of Maon, husband of Abigail, who scorned David (1 Samuel 25). His name sounds the same as the Hebrew word for "fool".
Where else “naval” appears- had diedמֵתmet
die
To cease living; also, one who has ceased living.
Where else “met” appears- and he saidיֹּאמֶרyomer
say
To say with the mouth to someone what one thinks or wants, or to answer him.
Where else “yomer” appears- “Blessed beבָּרוּךְbaruch
praise
To praise God: "blessed be YHWH".
Where else “baruch” appears- YHWHיְהוָהyehva
YHWH
The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.
Where else “yehva” appears- has defendedרָבrav
plead
To argue a cause; YHWH accuses his people.
Where else “rav” appears- the causeרִיבriv
case
A matter brought before the judge.
Where else “riv” appears- of my insultחֶרְפָּתִcherpati
disgrace, reproach
Disgrace, reproach, scorn from others. Being childless was then felt as a humiliation.
Where else “cherpati” appears- at the handיַּדyad
hand
The part of the body with which one takes, gives and works; also what one does.
Where else “yad” appears- and has held backחָשַׂךְchasach
restrain
To curb something, like the tongue, or stop someone.
Where else “chasach” appears- his servantעַבְדּavd
your servant
"Your servant": a humble way to say "I".
Where else “avd” appears- from evilרָעָהraa
evil
What is evil, the opposite of good.
Where else “raa” appears- has returnedהֵשִׁיבheshiv
return
To go back to a place.
Where else “heshiv” appears- on his own headרֹאשׁrosh
head
The upper part of the body, where the face and hair are.
Where else “rosh” appears- sentיִּשְׁלַחyishlach
send
To send someone or something.
Where else “yishlach” appears- and spokeיְדַבֵּרyedaber
speak
To speak, say something; above all God to his people.
Where else “yedaber” appears- to Abigailאֲבִיגַיִלavigayil
Abigail
Abigail: the name of two women; best known is the wife of Nabal, a woman of good understanding, who later became David's wife (1 Samuel 25); the other is a sister of David (1 Chronicles 2:16). It means "my father rejoices".
Where else “avigayil” appears- to take herקַחְתָּkachta
take a wife
"Take a wife": to marry.
Where else “kachta” appears- as wifeאִשָּׁהisha
wife
Literally "his woman": the one married to him.
Where else “isha” appears
The context
38About ten days later YHWH struck down Nabal, and he died.
39 · This verse (above)
40David’s servants came to Abigail at Carmel and spoke to her, saying, “David has sent us to you to take you to himself as wife.”