Esther 3:13

“And letters were sent by the hand of the couriers to all the king’s provinces, to destroy, to kill, and to make perish all the Jews, from the young man to the old man, little ones and women, on one day, the thirteenth of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their spoil.”

Esther 3:13 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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13

Esther 3:13, word by word

And lettersסְפָרִיםsefarim

letter

A writing sent to someone with a message or an order, like a king's letter.

Where else “sefarim” appears
were sentנִשְׁלוֹחַnishloach

send

To send someone or something.

Where else “nishloach” appears
by the handיַדyad

through

Literally "by the hand of": that person is the one who does it or carries it.

Where else “yad” appears
of the couriersרָצִיםratsim

runner

The swift messenger or guard on foot.

Where else “ratsim” appears
the king’sמֶּלֶךְmelech

king

A king who rules a people.

Where else “melech” appears
provincesמְדִינוֹתmedinot

province, district

Province, district: a territory governed by a ruler or judge.

Where else “medinot” appears
to destroyהַשְׁמִידhashmid

destroy

Destroy completely, exterminate.

Where else “hashmid” appears
to killהֲרֹגharog

kill

Kill, slay.

Where else “harog” appears
and to make perishאַבֵּדabed

destroy

To make someone or something disappear completely.

Where else “abed” appears
the Jewsיְּהוּדִיםyehudim

Jew, Judean

Jew: a person of Judah, first of the kingdom of Judah and then, in general, of the people descended from it. Its first appearance is 2 Kings 16:6, where it names the men of Judah who lived in Elath. It is frequent in Jeremiah, Nehemiah and Esther.

Where else “yehudim” appears
from the young manנַּעַרnaar

boy

A child or a young man who is still growing and does not rule a household.

Where else “naar” appears
the old manזָקֵןzaken

old

A person of many years.

Where else “zaken” appears
little onesטַףtaf

little ones

Little ones: the children of a family.

Where else “taf” appears
and womenנָשִׁיםnashim

woman

An adult female person: single, married or widowed.

Where else “nashim” appears
on oneאֶחָדechad

one

The number one; just one and no more.

Where else “echad” appears
dayיוֹםyom

day

The day, the hours of light, or a whole day.

Where else “yom” appears
the thirteenthשְׁלוֹשָׁהshelosha

three

A quantity of three: three persons or things together.

Where else “shelosha” appears
the thirteenthעָשָׂרasar

-teen (ten)

Ten, in the numbers from 11 to 19 (like the "-teen" in "thirteen"); also "-teenth".

Where else “asar” appears
of the twelfthשְׁנֵיםshenem

double

Twice the amount, or two plus ten to say twelve.

Where else “shenem” appears
monthחֹדֶשׁchodesh

month

A period of about thirty days, from one new moon to the next.

Where else “chodesh” appears
of Adarאֲדָרadar

Adar

Adar: the twelfth month of the calendar, between February and March. The name comes from Babylon.

Where else “adar” appears
and to plunderבוֹזvoz

plunder

Plunder, take spoil.

Where else “voz” appears
their spoilשְׁלָלָshelala

spoil, plunder

Spoil: what is taken from a defeated enemy.

Where else “shelala” appears

The context

12And the king’s scribes were summoned in the first month, on the thirteenth day of it, and it was written according to all that Haman commanded, to the king’s satraps and to the governors who were over each province and to the officials of each people, to each province according to its script and each people according to its language; in the name of King Ahasuerus it was written, and it was sealed with the king’s ring.

13 · This verse (above)

14A copy of the writing, to be given as law in every province, was published to all the peoples, that they should be ready for this day.

Read all of Esther 3

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