1 Kings 20:31

“His servants said to him, “Look, please, we have heard that the kings of the house of Israel are kings of loyal love. Let us put, please, sackcloth on our waists and ropes on our heads, and let us go out to the king of Israel; perhaps he will spare your life.””

1 Kings 20:31 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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31

1 Kings 20:31, word by word

His servantsעֲבָדָיavaday

servant

Someone who works for another, or a king's official.

Where else “avaday” appears
saidיֹּאמְרוּyomru

say

To say with the mouth to someone what one thinks or wants, or to answer him.

Where else “yomru” appears
we have heardשָׁמַעְנוּshamanu

hear

To hear a sound, or learn of something.

Where else “shamanu” appears
the kingsמַלְכֵיmalche

king

A king who rules a people.

Where else “malche” appears
of the houseבֵּיתbet

dynasty

Someone's descendants: "the house of David".

Where else “bet” appears
of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyisrael

Israel

Israel, the new name Jacob received from God, explained as "you have striven with God" (Genesis 32:28); then the name of the people that came from him and, after the division, of the northern kingdom.

Where else “yisrael” appears
of loyal loveחֶסֶדchesed

faithfulness

Loyal love between people, faithfulness and kindness.

Where else “chesed” appears
Let us putנָשִׂימָהnasima

put

To put something somewhere.

Where else “nasima” appears
sackclothשַׂקִּיםsakim

sackcloth

Rough cloth worn in mourning.

Where else “sakim” appears
on our waistsמָתְנֵיmatne

waist, loins

Waist, loins.

Where else “matne” appears
and ropesחֲבָלִיםchavalim

cord

A rope of twisted fibers, for tying, measuring or letting something down.

Where else “chavalim” appears
on our headsרֹאשֵׁroshe

head

The upper part of the body, where the face and hair are.

Where else “roshe” appears
and let us go outנֵצֵאnetse

go out

To go out of a place.

Where else “netse” appears
perhapsאוּלַיulay

perhaps

Perhaps, maybe.

Where else “ulay” appears
he will spareיְחַיֶּהyechaye

keep alive

To make someone go on living, or rescue them from death.

Where else “yechaye” appears
your lifeנַפְשֶׁnafshe

life

Life, when it is at stake.

Where else “nafshe” appears

Translation note

“Kings of loyal love”: the Hebrew word is “chesed,” loyalty and kindness toward the one with whom one has a commitment. Sackcloth and ropes on the head were signs of surrender.

The context

30Those who were left fled to Aphek, into the city; and the wall fell on twenty and seven thousand men who were left. And Ben-hadad fled and came into the city, into a room within a room.

31 · This verse (above)

32They girded sackcloth on their waists and ropes on their heads, and came to the king of Israel and said, “Your servant Ben-hadad says, ‘Please, let my soul live.’” He said, “Is he still alive? He is my brother.”

Read all of 1 Kings 20

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