The angerוַ אַףof Saulשָׁאוּלburnedיִּחַרagainst Jonathan,בִּיהוֹנָתָןand he saidוַיֹּאמֶרto him,לוֹ“Sonבֶּןof a perverseנַעֲוַתand rebellious woman!הַמַּרְדּוּתDo I notהֲלוֹאknowיָדַעְתִּיthatכִּיyouאַתָּהare choosingבֹחֵרthe sonלְבֶןof Jesseיִשַׁיto your own shameלְבָשְׁתְּךָand to the shameוּלְבֹשֶׁתof the nakednessעֶרְוַתof your mother?אִמֶּךָ
1 Samuel 20:30
Study it in the app“The anger of Saul burned against Jonathan, and he said to him, “Son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Do I not know that you are choosing the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of the nakedness of your mother?”
With the Hebrew beneath
1 Samuel 20:30, word by word
- The angerאַףaf
anger
The rage of one who snorts; the "long of nose" is slow to become angry.
Where else “af” appears- of Saulשָׁאוּלshaul
Saul
Saul, the name of several people. The best known is the son of Kish, of the tribe of Benjamin, the first king of Israel. A king of Edom and a son of Simeon also bear it. It means "asked for".
Where else “shaul” appears- burnedיִּחַרyichar
be angry
For a person to feel strong anger at someone or something.
Where else “yichar” appears- against Jonathanיהוֹנָתָןyhonatan
Jonathan
Jonathan: the long form ("Jehonathan") of the same name as יוֹנָתָן; the Hebrew uses both for the same people, and this translation spells them alike. It means "YHWH has given".
Where else “yhonatan” appears- and he saidיֹּאמֶרyomer
say
To say with the mouth to someone what one thinks or wants, or to answer him.
Where else “yomer” appears- “Sonבֶּןben
son
The male born of a father and mother; in the plural, also sons and daughters.
Where else “ben” appears- of a perverseנַעֲוַתnaavat
bend
To bend what is right, or be bowed down.
Where else “naavat” appears- and rebellious womanמַּרְדּוּתmardut
rebelliousness
Rebelliousness. It appears only once (1 Samuel 20:30).
Where else “mardut” appears- knowיָדַעְתִּיyadati
know
To know something, realize.
Where else “yadati” appears- are choosingבֹחֵרvocher
choose
To take one thing and leave the others, because it is preferred.
Where else “vocher” appears- of Jesseיִשַׁיyishay
Jesse
Jesse, of Bethlehem, son of Obed and father of King David.
Where else “yishay” appears- to your own shameבָשְׁתְּvasht
shame
The shame one suffers, or what causes it.
Where else “vasht” appears- of the nakednessעֶרְוַתervat
nakedness
Nakedness; the private parts of the body; figuratively, shame. Seeing another's nakedness was a grave lack of respect.
Where else “ervat” appears- of your motherאִמֶּime
mother
The woman who gives birth to and raises her children, and who is owed honor.
Where else “ime” appears
Translation note
It can be understood as an insult aimed at Jonathan, not as an accusation against his mother. “Your mother’s nakedness”: the one who gave birth to you.
The context
29He said, ‘Let me go, please, for we have a family sacrifice in the city, and my brother himself has commanded me; and now, if I have found favor in your eyes, let me escape, please, and see my brothers.’ Therefore he has not come to the table of the king.”
30 · This verse (above)
31For all the days that the son of Jesse lives on the ground, you will not be established, nor your kingdom. And now, send and bring him to me, for he deserves death.”