18
The two of themשְׁנֵיהֶםmadeוַיִּכְרְתוּa covenantבְּרִיתbeforeלִפְנֵיYHWH;יְהוָהDavidדָּוִדstayedוַיֵּשֶׁבat Horesh,בַּחֹרְשָׁהand Jonathanוִיהוֹנָתָןwentהָלַךְto his house.לְבֵיתוֹ
1 Samuel 23:18
Study it in the app“The two of them made a covenant before YHWH; David stayed at Horesh, and Jonathan went to his house.”
With the Hebrew beneath
1 Samuel 23:18, word by word
- The two of themשְׁנֵיshene
both
The two together, both of them.
Where else “shene” appears- madeיִּכְרְתוּyichrtu
make a covenant
Literally "cut": to seal a solemn agreement, splitting animals.
Where else “yichrtu” appears- a covenantבְּרִיתberit
covenant
The commitment God makes with his people, with promises and commands.
Where else “berit” appears- beforeפְנֵיfene
before
Literally "to the face of": in sight of someone, or on account of something.
Where else “fene” appears- YHWHיְהוָהyehva
YHWH
The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.
Where else “yehva” appears- Davidדָּוִדdavid
David
David, youngest son of Jesse, of Bethlehem; the second king of Israel. The name means "beloved."
Where else “david” appears- stayedיֵּשֶׁבyeshev
stay
To remain in a place.
Where else “yeshev” appears- at Horeshחֹרְשָׁהchorsha
thicket, Horesh
Thicket, wood. In 1 Samuel 23 it may be a place name ("Horesh") or mean "the thicket".
Where else “chorsha” appears- and Jonathanיהוֹנָתָןyhonatan
Jonathan
Jonathan: the long form ("Jehonathan") of the same name as יוֹנָתָן; the Hebrew uses both for the same people, and this translation spells them alike. It means "YHWH has given".
Where else “yhonatan” appears- wentהָלַךְhalach
go
To move on foot from place to place; to set out.
Where else “halach” appears- to his houseבֵיתvet
house
A building to live in, or an enclosed place to keep something or someone.
Where else “vet” appears
The context
17He said to him, “Do not be afraid, for the hand of Saul my father will not find you; you will be king over Israel, and I will be second to you. Saul my father also knows this.”
18 · This verse (above)
19Then the Ziphites went up to Saul at Gibeah, saying, “Is not David hiding among us in the strongholds at Horesh, on the hill of Hachilah, which is to the south of the wasteland?