1 Samuel 23:19

“Then the Ziphites went up to Saul at Gibeah, saying, “Is not David hiding among us in the strongholds at Horesh, on the hill of Hachilah, which is to the south of the wasteland?”

1 Samuel 23:19 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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19

1 Samuel 23:19, word by word

Then the Ziphitesזִפִיםzifim

Ziphite

Ziphite: an inhabitant of Ziph, a town in the hill country of Judah. The Ziphites twice told Saul where David was (1 Samuel 23:19; 26:1).

Where else “zifim” appears
went upיַּעֲלוּyaalu

go up

To go from a low place to a higher one: up the mountain, to Jerusalem or to a city.

Where else “yaalu” appears
Saulשָׁאוּלshaul

Saul

Saul, the name of several people. The best known is the son of Kish, of the tribe of Benjamin, the first king of Israel. A king of Edom and a son of Simeon also bear it. It means "asked for".

Where else “shaul” appears
at Gibeahגִּבְעָתָgivata

Gibeah

Gibeah: the name of several towns; it means "hill."

Where else “givata” appears
sayingאמֹרmor

say

To say with the mouth to someone what one thinks or wants, or to answer him.

Where else “mor” appears
Davidדָוִדdavid

David

David, youngest son of Jesse, of Bethlehem; the second king of Israel. The name means "beloved."

Where else “david” appears
hidingמִסְתַּתֵּרmistater

hide

To put someone or something out of sight, to keep it safe or to flee.

Where else “mistater” appears
in the strongholdsמְּצָדוֹתmetsadot

stronghold

Stronghold: a high place, hard to reach, that serves as a refuge.

Where else “metsadot” appears
at Horeshחֹרְשָׁהchorsha

thicket, Horesh

Thicket, wood. In 1 Samuel 23 it may be a place name ("Horesh") or mean "the thicket".

Where else “chorsha” appears
on the hillגִבְעַתgivat

hill

Hill.

Where else “givat” appears
of Hachilahחֲכִילָהchachila

Hachilah

Hachilah: a hill in the wilderness of Judah, near Ziph, where David hid from Saul.

Where else “chachila” appears
is to the southימִיןymin

south

The south side, which lies to the right of one facing east.

Where else “ymin” appears
of the wastelandיְשִׁימוֹןyeshimon

wasteland

Wasteland, desolation: desert land with no inhabitants.

Where else “yeshimon” appears

Translation note

“To the south” is literally “to the right” (facing east). Psalm 54 bears this episode in its title.

The context

18The two of them made a covenant before YHWH; David stayed at Horesh, and Jonathan went to his house.

19 · This verse (above)

20Now, according to all the desire of your soul, O king, to come down, come down; and our part will be to deliver him into the hand of the king.”

Read all of 1 Samuel 23

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