Esther 4:1

“And Mordecai knew all that had been done, and Mordecai tore his clothes and put on sackcloth and ashes, and went out into the midst of the city, and cried out with a great and bitter cry;”

Esther 4:1 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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With the Hebrew beneath

1

Esther 4:1, word by word

And Mordecaiמָרְדֳּכַיmardochay

Mordecai

Mordecai: the name of one of those who returned with Zerubbabel; in the book of Esther, the relative who raised Esther.

Where else “mardochay” appears
knewיָדַעyada

know

To know something, realize.

Where else “yada” appears
had been doneנַעֲשָׂהnaasa

do

To carry out an act or to deal with someone in a certain way, for good or ill.

Where else “naasa” appears
toreיִּקְרַעyikra

tear

To rip one's clothes in great grief.

Where else “yikra” appears
his clothesבְּגָדָיbegaday

garment

A garment with which someone covers the body, or a blanket for warmth.

Where else “begaday” appears
and put onיִּלְבַּשׁyilbash

put on

To cover the body with clothes: to put on what one is to wear.

Where else “yilbash” appears
sackclothשַׂקsak

sackcloth

Rough cloth worn in mourning.

Where else “sak” appears
and ashesאֵפֶרefer

ashes

Ashes. "Dust and ashes" is a way of saying one is of very little account.

Where else “efer” appears
and went outיֵּצֵאyetse

go out

To go out of a place.

Where else “yetse” appears
into the midstתוֹךְtoch

midst

The central point of something, or the company of several: in the midst of them.

Where else “toch” appears
of the cityעִירir

city

A settled place protected by a wall, with a gate and houses.

Where else “ir” appears
and cried outיִּזְעַקyizak

cry out

To shout for help, above all to YHWH.

Where else “yizak” appears
with a greatגְדֹלָהgedola

great

Of great size, amount or importance: a river, a city, a king.

Where else “gedola” appears
and bitterמָרָהmara

bitterness

Deep pain of soul, or the cruelty that causes it.

Where else “mara” appears
cryזְעָקָהzeaka

outcry

Cry, outcry: the cry of someone who suffers injustice and calls for help.

Where else “zeaka” appears

The context

1 · This verse (above)

2and he came as far as the front of the king’s gate, for no one could enter the gate of the king in clothing of sackcloth.

Read all of Esther 4

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