Joshua 8:31

“just as Moses the servant of YHWH had commanded the sons of Israel, as it is written in the book of the instruction of Moses: an altar of whole stones, on which no iron had been lifted. And they offered up on it burnt offerings to YHWH, and sacrificed peace offerings.”

Joshua 8:31 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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31

Joshua 8:31, word by word

Mosesמֹשֶׁהmoshe

Moses

Moses, the man God called to bring Israel out of Egypt and through whom he gave the Law. His name sounds like "draw out" (Exodus 2:10).

Where else “moshe” appears
the servantעֶבֶדeved

servant of YHWH

YHWH's servant, like Moses or David.

Where else “eved” appears
of YHWHיְהוָהyehva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yehva” appears
had commandedצִוָּהtsiva

command

To give an order: "as YHWH had commanded".

Where else “tsiva” appears
the sonsבְּנֵיbene

descendant

A descendant or member of a people: "sons of Israel".

Where else “bene” appears
of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyisrael

Israel

Israel, the new name Jacob received from God, explained as "you have striven with God" (Genesis 32:28); then the name of the people that came from him and, after the division, of the northern kingdom.

Where else “yisrael” appears
as it is writtenכָּתוּבkatuv

write

To put words in writing, in a book or tablet, so that they last.

Where else “katuv” appears
in the bookסֵפֶרsefer

book

A scroll of skin or papyrus on which law, history or a record is written.

Where else “sefer” appears
of the instructionתּוֹרַתtorat

teaching of YHWH

What YHWH teaches his people so they may live.

Where else “torat” appears
an altarמִזְבַּחmizbach

altar

Altar: a structure of stone or earth on which sacrifices are offered to God.

Where else “mizbach” appears
of wholeשְׁלֵמוֹתshelemot

whole

With nothing missing or amiss; whole, exact.

Where else “shelemot” appears
stonesאֲבָנִיםavanim

stone

A piece of rock, large or small, used for building, marking or throwing.

Where else “avanim” appears
ironבַּרְזֶלbarzel

iron

Iron; an iron tool.

Where else “barzel” appears
had been liftedהֵנִיףhenif

wield

To brandish or swing something, like a hand.

Where else “henif” appears
And they offered upיַּעֲלוּyaalu

offer up

To burn a sacrifice on the altar; literally "make go up".

Where else “yaalu” appears
burnt offeringsעֹלוֹתolot

burnt offering

A sacrifice burned whole on the altar.

Where else “olot” appears
and sacrificedיִּזְבְּחוּyizbchu

sacrifice

To kill an animal as a gift to God or other gods.

Where else “yizbchu” appears
peace offeringsשְׁלָמִיםshelamim

peace offerings

Peace offering: a sacrifice of which one part was burned for God and the rest was eaten by the one who offered it, as a sign of peace and fellowship with him (Leviticus 3).

Where else “shelamim” appears

Translation note

The command is in Deuteronomy 27:2-8.

The context

30Then Joshua built an altar to YHWH, the Elohim of Israel, on Mount Ebal,

31 · This verse (above)

32And he wrote there, on the stones, a copy of the instruction of Moses, which he had written before the sons of Israel.

Read all of Joshua 8

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