Judges 3:10

“The spirit of YHWH came upon him, and he judged Israel. He went out to war, and YHWH gave Cushan-rishathaim king of Aram into his hand, and his hand was strong over Cushan-rishathaim.”

Judges 3:10 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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Judges 3:10, word by word

The spiritרוּחַruach

Spirit of God

The spirit of Elohim or YHWH: his presence and power.

Where else “ruach” appears
of YHWHיְהוָהyehva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yehva” appears
cameתְּהִיtehi

become

To turn into something new, or fall upon someone.

Where else “tehi” appears
and he judgedיִּשְׁפֹּטyishpot

govern

To rule the people, like Gideon or Samuel.

Where else “yishpot” appears
Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyisrael

Israel

Israel, the new name Jacob received from God, explained as "you have striven with God" (Genesis 32:28); then the name of the people that came from him and, after the division, of the northern kingdom.

Where else “yisrael” appears
He went outיֵּצֵאyetse

set out

To set out somewhere, or go out to war.

Where else “yetse” appears
to warמִּלְחָמָהmilchama

war, battle

War, battle.

Where else “milchama” appears
gaveיִּתֵּןyiten

hand over

To hand someone over to another's power, giving that one victory.

Where else “yiten” appears
Cushan-rishathaimכּוּשַׁןkushan

Cushan-rishathaim

Cushan-rishathaim: king of Aram-naharaim who ruled over Israel for eight years. The second part of the name sounds in Hebrew like "double wickedness."

Where else “kushan” appears
kingמֶלֶךְmelech

king

A king who rules a people.

Where else “melech” appears
of Aramאֲרָםaram

Aram

Aram, a son of Shem; also the land of the Arameans (Syria) and its people; also other men.

Where else “aram” appears
into his handיָדyad

power

Literally "the hand": the strength and control someone has.

Where else “yad” appears
was strongתָּעָזtaaz

prevail

To have more strength than another and come out ahead.

Where else “taaz” appears

The context

9The sons of Israel cried out to YHWH, and YHWH raised up a savior for the sons of Israel, who saved them: Othniel son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, younger than he.

10 · This verse (above)

11The land was calm forty years. Then Othniel son of Kenaz died.

Read all of Judges 3

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