Lamentations 1:17

“Zion spreads out her hands; there is no one to comfort her; YHWH has commanded concerning Jacob that those around him be his adversaries; Jerusalem has become a menstrual impurity among them.”

Lamentations 1:17 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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With the Hebrew beneath

17

Lamentations 1:17, word by word

spreads outפֵּרְשָׂהpersa

spread out

To open out hands, wings or cloth.

Where else “persa” appears
her handsיָדֶיyade

hand

The part of the body with which one takes, gives and works; also what one does.

Where else “yade” appears
to comfort herמְנַחֵםmenachem

comfort

To ease someone in his pain with words and company.

Where else “menachem” appears
YHWHיְהוָהyehva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yehva” appears
has commandedצִוָּהtsiva

command

To give an order: "as YHWH had commanded".

Where else “tsiva” appears
concerning Jacobיַעֲקֹבyaakov

Jacob

Jacob, the younger son of Isaac and Rebekah, twin brother of Esau and father of the twelve tribes. In Hebrew "Yaakov" sounds like "heel" and "supplant" (Genesis 25:26; 27:36). God later gave him the name Israel; the name also stands for his descendants, the people of Israel.

Where else “yaakov” appears
that those around himסְבִיבָיsevivay

around

In a circle or on every side of something: the camp, the city, the altar.

Where else “sevivay” appears
be his adversariesצָרָיtsaray

adversary

Someone who oppresses and attacks another; the adversary.

Where else “tsaray” appears
Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַםyerushalaim

Jerusalem

See it on the mapWhere else “yerushalaim” appears
has becomeהָיְתָהhayta

become

To turn into something new, or fall upon someone.

Where else “hayta” appears
a menstrual impurityנִדָּהnida

impurity

Something defiling; or water for cleansing.

Where else “nida” appears

Translation note

The word (nida) is the one for the impurity of a woman in her menstruation (Leviticus 15:19-24); it can be understood that everyone avoids her.

Places in this verse

ZionJerusalem
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • 1Zion

    Today: Mount Zion hill, Jerusalem

    A hill in Jerusalem; it first named the fortress David captured, and later sometimes the whole city.

    David captured the stronghold of Zion and called it the city of David (2 Sam 5:7). The Psalms and prophets call it the place where God lives among his people (Ps 48:2).

    2 Samuel 5:7Psalms 48:2Hebrews 12:22Romans 9:33

  • 2Jerusalem

    Today: Old City of Jerusalem

    A city in the hills of Judea, about 22 miles (35 km) west of the Dead Sea and 35 miles (55 km) east of the Mediterranean.

    David took it and made it his city (2 Sam 5:7); Solomon built the temple there (1 Kgs 8:1). Jesus was presented there, and the apostles' witness began from it (Luke 2:22; Acts 1:8).

    2 Samuel 5:61 Kings 8:1Luke 2:22Acts 1:8

The context

16For these things I weep; my eye, my eye runs down with water, for far from me is one who comforts, one who brings back my soul; my sons are desolate, for the enemy has prevailed.”

17 · This verse (above)

18“Righteous is he, YHWH, for against his mouth I have rebelled; hear, please, all the peoples, and see my pain; my virgins and my young men have gone into captivity.

Read all of Lamentations 1

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