Psalms 2:1

“Why are the nations in turmoil, and the peoples meditate a vain thing?”

Psalms 2:1 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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Kings and nations conspire, and the one in the heavens laughsProvidence

With the Hebrew beneath

1

Quotation · Acts 4:25-26

Go to Acts 4:25-26

The assembly quotes Psalm 2:1-2 and applies it to Herod, Pilate, the nations and the peoples of Israel (4:27). The psalm has no title in Hebrew; Acts attributes it to David.

Formula: διὰ πνεύματος ἁγίου στόματος Δαυὶδ παιδός σου εἰπών “through the Holy Spirit, by the mouth of our father David, your servant, said” (Acts 4:25)

See the original texts

Greek of the New Testament: ὁ τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν διὰ πνεύματος ἁγίου στόματος Δαυὶδ παιδός σου εἰπών Ἱνατί ἐφρύαξαν ἔθνη καὶ λαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά παρέστησαν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κατὰ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ κατὰ τοῦ χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ

Hebrew (Masoretic text): לָמָּה רָגְשׁוּ גוֹיִם וּלְאֻמִּים יֶהְגּוּ רִיק יִתְיַצְּבוּ מַלְכֵי אֶרֶץ וְרוֹזְנִים נוֹסְדוּ יָחַד עַל יְהוָה וְעַל מְשִׁיחוֹ

Septuagint (Psalms 2:1-2 in the Septuagint numbering): Ἵνα τί ἐφρύαξαν ἔθνη, καὶ λαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά παρέστησαν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κατὰ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ κατὰ τοῦ χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ. διάψαλμα.

The Greek of the NT matches the Septuagint word for word in 26 consecutive words: “ἐφρύαξαν ἔθνη καὶ λαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά παρέστησαν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κατὰ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ κατὰ τοῦ χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ.”

Septuagint, Swete’s text, First1KGreek transcription (with reading errors), CC BY-SA 4.0

Psalms 2:1, word by word

are the nationsגוֹיִםgoyim

Gentiles

The peoples other than Israel.

Where else “goyim” appears
in turmoilרָגְשׁוּragshu

rage, be in tumult

To be in tumult, to be in an uproar. It appears only once in the Bible (Psalm 2:1).

Where else “ragshu” appears
and the peoplesלְאֻמִּיםleumim

people, nation

People, nation.

Where else “leumim” appears
meditateיֶהְגּוּyehgu

plot

To plot evil.

Where else “yehgu” appears
a vain thingרִיקrik

empty

Something empty, worthless.

Where else “rik” appears

Translation note

“Meditate”: the same verb as in 1:2. The happy man meditates on YHWH’s instruction; the peoples, on a vain thing.

Parallel passages

Other books that tell the same thing or quote these words.

Quotation · Acts 4:25-26

The assembly quotes Psalm 2:1-2 and applies it to Herod, Pilate, the nations and the peoples of Israel (4:27). The psalm has no title in Hebrew; Acts attributes it to David.

See them side by side

Psalms 2:1

1Why are the nations in turmoil, and the peoples meditate a vain thing?

Acts 4:25-26

25who through the Holy Spirit, by the mouth of our father David, your servant, said, ‘Why did the nations rage, and the peoples plot vain things?

The context

1 · This verse (above)

2The kings of the earth take their stand, and the dignitaries conspire together against YHWH and against his anointed:

Read all of Psalms 2

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