would youהֲthereforeלָהֵןwaitתְּשַׂבֵּרְנָהuntilעַד אֲשֶׁרthey grew up?יִגְדָּלוּWould youהֲthereforeלָהֵןshut yourselves up,תֵּעָגֵנָהnotלְבִלְתִּיbelongingהֱיוֹתto a husband?לְאִישׁNo,אַלmy daughters,בְּנֹתַיforכִּיit is much more bitterמַר מְאֹדfor meלִיthan for you,מִכֶּםbecauseכִּיthe handיַדof YHWHיְהוָהhas gone outיָצְאָהagainst me.”בִי
Ruth 1:13
Study it in the app“would you therefore wait until they grew up? Would you therefore shut yourselves up, not belonging to a husband? No, my daughters, for it is much more bitter for me than for you, because the hand of YHWH has gone out against me.””
With the Hebrew beneath
Ruth 1:13, word by word
- thereforeלָהֵןlahen
therefore
Therefore, for that reason.
Where else “lahen” appears- waitתְּשַׂבֵּרְנָהtesaberna
hope
Wait, hope.
Where else “tesaberna” appears- they grew upיִגְדָּלוּyigdalu
grow up
To get bigger, become an adult; to bring up a child.
Where else “yigdalu” appears- shut yourselves upתֵּעָגֵנָהteagena
shut oneself off
Keep oneself shut away, refrain from marrying. It appears only here.
Where else “teagena” appears- belongingהֱיוֹתheot
be
To be: "I will be their Elohim".
Where else “heot” appears- to a husbandאִישׁish
husband
Literally "her man": the one married to her.
Where else “ish” appears- my daughtersבְּנֹתַbenota
daughter
A girl or woman born of her parents, who belongs to her father's house.
Where else “benota” appears- it is much more bitterמַרmar
embitter
To make someone's life hard, or to weep bitterly.
Where else “mar” appears- it is much more bitterמְאֹדmeod
very
To a very high degree: the word that adds force to what is said.
Where else “meod” appears- the handיַדyad
power
Literally "the hand": the strength and control someone has.
Where else “yad” appears- of YHWHיְהוָהyehva
YHWH
The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.
Where else “yehva” appears- has gone outיָצְאָהyatsa
set out
To set out somewhere, or go out to war.
Where else “yatsa” appears
Translation note
It can be understood that Naomi is thinking of the custom by which the brother of the dead husband took the widow (Deuteronomy 25:5-6): she will have no more sons who could do so.
The context
12Return, my daughters, go, for I am too old to belong to a husband. Even if I said, ‘I have hope,’ even if I belonged to a husband tonight and also gave birth to sons,
13 · This verse (above)
14They lifted up their voice and wept again; and Orpah kissed her mother-in-law, but Ruth clung to her.