Ruth 1:13

“would you therefore wait until they grew up? Would you therefore shut yourselves up, not belonging to a husband? No, my daughters, for it is much more bitter for me than for you, because the hand of YHWH has gone out against me.””

Ruth 1:13 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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With the Hebrew beneath

13

Ruth 1:13, word by word

thereforeלָהֵןlahen

therefore

Therefore, for that reason.

Where else “lahen” appears
waitתְּשַׂבֵּרְנָהtesaberna

hope

Wait, hope.

Where else “tesaberna” appears
they grew upיִגְדָּלוּyigdalu

grow up

To get bigger, become an adult; to bring up a child.

Where else “yigdalu” appears
shut yourselves upתֵּעָגֵנָהteagena

shut oneself off

Keep oneself shut away, refrain from marrying. It appears only here.

Where else “teagena” appears
belongingהֱיוֹתheot

be

To be: "I will be their Elohim".

Where else “heot” appears
to a husbandאִישׁish

husband

Literally "her man": the one married to her.

Where else “ish” appears
my daughtersבְּנֹתַbenota

daughter

A girl or woman born of her parents, who belongs to her father's house.

Where else “benota” appears
it is much more bitterמַרmar

embitter

To make someone's life hard, or to weep bitterly.

Where else “mar” appears
it is much more bitterמְאֹדmeod

very

To a very high degree: the word that adds force to what is said.

Where else “meod” appears
the handיַדyad

power

Literally "the hand": the strength and control someone has.

Where else “yad” appears
of YHWHיְהוָהyehva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yehva” appears
has gone outיָצְאָהyatsa

set out

To set out somewhere, or go out to war.

Where else “yatsa” appears

Translation note

It can be understood that Naomi is thinking of the custom by which the brother of the dead husband took the widow (Deuteronomy 25:5-6): she will have no more sons who could do so.

The context

12Return, my daughters, go, for I am too old to belong to a husband. Even if I said, ‘I have hope,’ even if I belonged to a husband tonight and also gave birth to sons,

13 · This verse (above)

14They lifted up their voice and wept again; and Orpah kissed her mother-in-law, but Ruth clung to her.

Read all of Ruth 1

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