1 Samuel 17:20

“David rose early in the morning, left the flock with a keeper, loaded up and went, as Jesse had commanded him. He came to the encampment as the army that was going out to the battle line was shouting for war.”

1 Samuel 17:20 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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20

1 Samuel 17:20, word by word

Davidדָּוִדdavid

David

David, youngest son of Jesse, of Bethlehem; the second king of Israel. The name means "beloved."

Where else “david” appears
rose earlyיַּשְׁכֵּםyashkem

rise early

To get up early to do something.

Where else “yashkem” appears
in the morningבֹּקֶרboker

morning

Morning, dawn.

Where else “boker” appears
leftיִּטֹּשׁyitosh

abandon

To turn away from someone or something and leave it behind.

Where else “yitosh” appears
the flockצֹּאןtson

flock

A flock of sheep and goats.

Where else “tson” appears
a keeperשֹׁמֵרshomer

guard

To watch over, protect from all harm.

Where else “shomer” appears
loaded upיִּשָּׂאyisa

carry

To put something on oneself and carry it, on the shoulders or in the arms.

Where else “yisa” appears
and wentיֵּלֶךְyelech

go

To head for a place, to leave where one is in order to reach another.

Where else “yelech” appears
Jesseיִשָׁיyishay

Jesse

Jesse, of Bethlehem, son of Obed and father of King David.

Where else “yishay” appears
had commanded himצִוָּtsiva

command

To give an order: "as YHWH had commanded".

Where else “tsiva” appears
He cameיָּבֹאyavo

come

To come, arrive: "days are coming".

Where else “yavo” appears
to the encampmentמַּעְגָּלָmagala

enclosure

The ring of the camp: the circle of wagons or troops around it.

Where else “magala” appears
as the armyחַיִלchayil

army

A body of soldiers, a king's armed force.

Where else “chayil” appears
that was going outיֹּצֵאyotse

go out

To go out of a place.

Where else “yotse” appears
the battle lineמַּעֲרָכָהmaaracha

battle line

An army drawn up in battle order, ready to fight.

Where else “maaracha” appears
was shoutingהֵרֵעוּhereu

shout, sound an alarm

Make a loud sound: shout for joy or in alarm, acclaim, sound the signal with the trumpet.

Where else “hereu” appears
for warמִּלְחָמָהmilchama

war, battle

War, battle.

Where else “milchama” appears

Translation note

“Shouting for war” is giving, all together, the cry with which the army went into battle.

The context

19Saul and they and all the men of Israel are in the valley of Elah, fighting with the Philistines.”

20 · This verse (above)

21Israel and the Philistines drew up, battle line against battle line.

Read all of 1 Samuel 17

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