Leviticus 19:9–10
When harvesting, leave the edge of the field for the poor and the foreigner
Study it word by word9And when you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not finish reaping the edge of your field, and the gleanings of your harvest you shall not gather.
10And your vineyard you shall not strip bare, and the fallen grapes of your vineyard you shall not gather; for the poor and for the resident alien you shall leave them. I am YHWH your Elohim.
In its context
7And if it is eaten at all on the third day, it is a repulsive thing; it will not be accepted.
8And whoever eats it shall bear his iniquity, for he has profaned what is holy to YHWH; and that person shall be cut off from their people.
…
11You shall not steal, and you shall not lie, and you shall not deceive one another.
12And you shall not swear by my name falsely, and so profane the name of your Elohim. I am YHWH.
Its words in the original
- קֻצְרְkutsr· reap, be short
Reap: cut the grain; harvest. Also be short, be shortened ("is the hand of YHWH too short?").
- קְצִירketsir· harvest
Harvest, reaping; the crop and its season; also a branch.
- אַרְצְarts· earth, land
The earth, in two senses: the whole world in contrast with the heavens, or a particular country or region ("the land of Egypt").
- תְכַלֶּהtechale· finish, consume
Finish, complete something; come to an end. Also put an end to something, consume it, destroy it.
- פְּאַתpeat· corner, side, edge
Side, corner, edge (of a field, of a beard, of a land).
- שָׂדְsad· field
Field: open country, cultivated or not.
- לֶקֶטleket· gleanings
Gleanings: the ears of grain that fall at harvest, which were left for the poor.
- תְלַקֵּטtelaket· gather, glean
Gather up from the ground, pick up; glean.
- כַרְמְcharm· vineyard
Vineyard.
- תְעוֹלֵלteolel· deal harshly, glean
Deal harshly with someone, make him feel one's power. In other passages, glean what is left of the harvest.
- פֶרֶטferet· fallen grapes
Loose grapes that fall during the grape harvest.
- עָנִיani· poor, afflicted
Poor, afflicted: one who suffers need and has no one to defend him; also humble.
- גֵּרger· resident alien
Foreigner who lives in a land that is not his own, without the rights of those who belong to the place.
- תַּעֲזֹבtaazov· leave, forsake
Leave, forsake, abandon; also let go, leave behind for someone.
- יְהוָהyehva· YHWH
The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.
- אֱלֹהֵיelohe· Elohim, God, gods
The Hebrew word usually translated "God". This translation keeps "Elohim" when it speaks of the one true God, the Creator, the God of Israel. The word ends like a plural, but it does not mean several: for him the verb is singular ("Elohim created"); the plural form expresses greatness. The same word as a common noun names the "gods" of other peoples, and there it is a true plural, translated "gods". It is also used of mighty ones or judges.