1 Kings 19:10

“He said, “I have been very jealous for YHWH, Elohim Tsevaot, for the sons of Israel have abandoned your covenant, torn down your altars, and killed your prophets with the sword; and I am left, I alone, and they seek my life, to take it away.””

1 Kings 19:10 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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Elijah flees and asks to die; he feels he is the only one leftLoneliness

With the Hebrew beneath

10

Quotation · Romans 11:3

Go to Romans 11:3

Paul quotes Elijah’s complaint abbreviated and in a different order: first the prophets killed and then the altars torn down.

Formula: ἐν Ἠλίᾳ τί λέγει ἡ γραφή “what the Scripture says in the passage about Elijah” (Romans 11:2)

See the original texts

Greek of the New Testament: Κύριε τοὺς προφήτας σου ἀπέκτειναν τὰ θυσιαστήριά σου κατέσκαψαν κἀγὼ ὑπελείφθην μόνος καὶ ζητοῦσιν τὴν ψυχήν μου

Hebrew (Masoretic text): וַיֹּאמֶר קַנֹּא קִנֵּאתִי לַיהוָה אֱלֹהֵי צְבָאוֹת כִּי עָזְבוּ בְרִיתְךָ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת מִזְבְּחֹתֶיךָ הָרָסוּ וְאֶת נְבִיאֶיךָ הָרְגוּ בֶחָרֶב וָאִוָּתֵר אֲנִי לְבַדִּי וַיְבַקְשׁוּ אֶת נַפְשִׁי לְקַחְתָּהּ

Septuagint (1 Kings 19:10 in the Septuagint numbering): καὶ εἶπεν Ἠλειού Ζηλῶν ἐζήλωκα τῷ κυρίῳ Παντοκράτορι, ὅτι ἐνκατέλιπόν σε οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραήλ· τὰ θυσιαστήριά σου κατέσκαψαν καὶ τοὺς προφήτας σου ἀπέκτειναν εν ῥομφαίᾳ, καὶ ὑπολέλειμμαι ἐγὼ μονώτατος, καὶ ζητοῆσί μου τὴν ψυχὴν λαβεῖν αὐτήν.

In the Septuagint verse that most resembles it, at most 4 consecutive words match the Greek of the NT. The transcription has reading errors, so a match may not show.

Septuagint, Swete’s text, First1KGreek transcription (with reading errors), CC BY-SA 4.0

1 Kings 19:10, word by word

He saidיֹּאמֶרyomer

say

To say with the mouth to someone what one thinks or wants, or to answer him.

Where else “yomer” appears
“I have been very jealousקַנֹּאkano

be zealous

To burn with zeal for something, as YHWH for his people.

Where else “kano” appears
for YHWHיהוָהyhva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yhva” appears
Elohimאֱלֹהֵיelohe

Elohim

The one true God, the Creator; the word is plural but means one.

Where else “elohe” appears
Tsevaotצְבָאוֹתtsevaot

Tsevaot

A name of God: the one who commands the armies of heaven and earth.

Where else “tsevaot” appears
the sonsבְּנֵיbene

descendant

A descendant or member of a people: "sons of Israel".

Where else “bene” appears
of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyisrael

Israel

Israel, the new name Jacob received from God, explained as "you have striven with God" (Genesis 32:28); then the name of the people that came from him and, after the division, of the northern kingdom.

Where else “yisrael” appears
have abandonedעָזְבוּazvu

forsake

To turn one's back on YHWH, someone or a place.

Where else “azvu” appears
your covenantבְרִיתְverit

covenant

The commitment God makes with his people, with promises and commands.

Where else “verit” appears
torn downהָרָסוּharasu

tear down; break through

Tear down, throw down; also break through by force.

Where else “harasu” appears
your altarsמִזְבְּחֹתֶיmizbchote

altar

Altar: a structure of stone or earth on which sacrifices are offered to God.

Where else “mizbchote” appears
and killedהָרְגוּhargu

kill

Kill, slay.

Where else “hargu” appears
your prophetsנְבִיאֶיnevie

prophet

Someone who speaks for YHWH.

Where else “nevie” appears
with the swordחָרֶבcharev

sword

A sword; or war.

Where else “charev” appears
am leftאִוָּתֵרivater

be left

For a part to stay when the rest has gone or been used.

Where else “ivater” appears
I aloneבַדִּvadi

alone

One thing alone, set apart from the rest; also the expression 'besides'.

Where else “vadi” appears
and they seekיְבַקְשׁוּyevakshu

seek

To go after someone or something in order to find it.

Where else “yevakshu” appears
my lifeנַפְשִׁnafshi

life

Life, when it is at stake.

Where else “nafshi” appears
to take it awayקַחְתָּkachta

seize

To take away, seize.

Where else “kachta” appears

Translation note

“I have been very jealous for YHWH”: the zeal of one who cannot bear that what belongs to YHWH be taken from him; it is the same word that is said of Phinehas (Numbers 25:11) and of YHWH himself (Exodus 20:5).

Parallel passages

Other books that tell the same thing or quote these words.

Quotation · Romans 11:3

Paul quotes Elijah’s complaint abbreviated and in a different order: first the prophets killed and then the altars torn down.

See them side by side

1 Kings 19:10

10He said, “I have been very jealous for YHWH, Elohim Tsevaot, for the sons of Israel have abandoned your covenant, torn down your altars, and killed your prophets with the sword; and I am left, I alone, and they seek my life, to take it away.”

Romans 11:3

3Lord, they have killed your prophets, they have torn down your altars, and I alone am left, and they are seeking my life.

The context

9There he went into the cave and spent the night there. And the word of YHWH came to him, and he said to him, “What are you doing here, Elijah?”

10 · This verse (above)

11He said, “Go out and stand on the mountain before YHWH.” And there, YHWH was passing by, and a great and strong wind was tearing mountains and breaking rocks before YHWH; YHWH was not in the wind. And after the wind, an earthquake; YHWH was not in the earthquake.

Read all of 1 Kings 19

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