Now Davidוְדָוִדwas the sonבֶּןof thatהַזֶּהEphrathiteאֶפְרָתִיmanאִישׁfrom Bethlehemמִבֵּית לֶחֶםof Judah,יְהוּדָהwhose nameוּשְׁמוֹwas Jesse,יִשַׁיand he hadוְלוֹeightשְׁמֹנָהsons;בָנִיםand the manוְהָאִישׁin the daysבִּימֵיof Saulשָׁאוּלwas old,זָקֵןadvanced in yearsבָּאamong men.בַאֲנָשִׁים
1 Samuel 17:12
Study it in the app“Now David was the son of that Ephrathite man from Bethlehem of Judah, whose name was Jesse, and he had eight sons; and the man in the days of Saul was old, advanced in years among men.”
With the Hebrew beneath
1 Samuel 17:12, word by word
- Now Davidדָוִדdavid
David
David, youngest son of Jesse, of Bethlehem; the second king of Israel. The name means "beloved."
Where else “david” appears- was the sonבֶּןben
son
The male born of a father and mother; in the plural, also sons and daughters.
Where else “ben” appears- Ephrathiteאֶפְרָתִיefrati
Ephrathite
From the old name of Bethlehem.
Where else “efrati” appears- manאִישׁish
man
An adult male person; also each man of a people, a trade or a place.
Where else “ish” appears- from Bethlehemבֵּיתbet
Bethlehem
See it on the mapWhere else “bet” appears- of Judahיְהוּדָהyehuda
Judah
Judah, the fourth son of Jacob and Leah; also the tribe that came from him and its land, and later the southern kingdom; King David came from it. The name sounds like "give thanks". Borne also by other Israelites.
Where else “yehuda” appears- whose nameשְׁמshem
name
The word by which a person, place or thing is called and recognized.
Where else “shem” appears- was Jesseיִשַׁיyishay
Jesse
Jesse, of Bethlehem, son of Obed and father of King David.
Where else “yishay” appears- eightשְׁמֹנָהshemona
eight
Eight; also "eighth".
Where else “shemona” appears- in the daysימֵיyme
time
Literally "the days": a period, an age, or the span of someone's life.
Where else “yme” appears- of Saulשָׁאוּלshaul
Saul
Saul, the name of several people. The best known is the son of Kish, of the tribe of Benjamin, the first king of Israel. A king of Edom and a son of Simeon also bear it. It means "asked for".
Where else “shaul” appears- was oldזָקֵןzaken
grow old
Grow old, be old.
Where else “zaken” appears- advanced in yearsבָּאba
enter
To go into a place.
Where else “ba” appears
Translation note
“Ephrathite”: from Ephrathah, another name for the area of Bethlehem (Ruth 1:2). The end says literally “had come among the men”; it is understood that he was already very old.
Places in this verse
Bethlehem
Today: Bethlehem (Bayt Lahm), West Bank
A town in Judea, about 5.5 miles (9 km) south of Jerusalem.
Rachel died near it (Gen 35:19), Naomi and Ruth lived there (Ruth 1:1), and David was born there. Micah said a ruler would come from it, and Jesus was born in Bethlehem (Mic 5:2; Matt 2:1).
The context
11Saul and all Israel heard these words of the Philistine, and they were dismayed and greatly afraid.
12 · This verse (above)
13The three oldest sons of Jesse had gone; they had followed Saul to the war. And the names of his three sons who went to the war were Eliab the firstborn, and second to him Abinadab, and the third Shammah.