Esther 8:11

“in which the king granted the Jews who were in every city permission to assemble and to stand for their lives, to destroy, to kill, and to make perish any army of any people or province that might harass them, little ones and women, and to plunder their spoil,”

Esther 8:11 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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11

Esther 8:11, word by word

the kingמֶּלֶךְmelech

king

A king who rules a people.

Where else “melech” appears
grantedנָתַןnatan

give

To hand something over to someone: a gift, a payment, a charge or a land.

Where else “natan” appears
the Jewsיְּהוּדִיםyehudim

Jew, Judean

Jew: a person of Judah, first of the kingdom of Judah and then, in general, of the people descended from it. Its first appearance is 2 Kings 16:6, where it names the men of Judah who lived in Elath. It is frequent in Jeremiah, Nehemiah and Esther.

Where else “yehudim” appears
cityעִירir

city

A settled place protected by a wall, with a gate and houses.

Where else “ir” appears
to assembleהִקָּהֵלhikahel

assemble

Assemble people, call them together; gather.

Where else “hikahel” appears
and to standעֲמֹדamod

stand

To be on one's feet, firm in a place, or to rise up to act.

Where else “amod” appears
their livesנַפְשָׁnafsha

life

Life, when it is at stake.

Where else “nafsha” appears
to destroyהַשְׁמִידhashmid

destroy

Destroy completely, exterminate.

Where else “hashmid” appears
to killהֲרֹגharog

kill

Kill, slay.

Where else “harog” appears
and to make perishאַבֵּדabed

destroy

To make someone or something disappear completely.

Where else “abed” appears
armyחֵילchel

army

A body of soldiers, a king's armed force.

Where else “chel” appears
of any peopleעַםam

crowd

The people gathered in a place: the crowd, or the troops that go out to war.

Where else “am” appears
or provinceמְדִינָהmedina

province, district

Province, district: a territory governed by a ruler or judge.

Where else “medina” appears
that might harassצָּרִיםtsarim

be an enemy

To be someone's enemy.

Where else “tsarim” appears
little onesטַףtaf

little ones

Little ones: the children of a family.

Where else “taf” appears
and womenנָשִׁיםnashim

woman

An adult female person: single, married or widowed.

Where else “nashim” appears
and to plunderבוֹזvoz

plunder

Plunder, take spoil.

Where else “voz” appears
their spoilשְׁלָלָshelala

spoil, plunder

Spoil: what is taken from a defeated enemy.

Where else “shelala” appears

Translation note

The decree repeats the words of Haman’s decree (3:13), now in favor of the Jews and only against those who would attack them.

The context

10And he wrote in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed it with the king’s ring, and sent letters by the hand of the couriers on horses, riding the royal steeds, sons of the mares,

11 · This verse (above)

12on one day in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus, on the thirteenth of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar.

Read all of Esther 8

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