John 19:30

“So when Jesus had received the sour wine, he said, “It is finished,” and bowing his head, he handed over the spirit.”

John 19:30 · direct translation from the Greek
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With the Greek beneath

30

John 19:30, word by word

JesusἸησοῦςIēsous

Jesus

Jesus, the Greek form of the Hebrew Yehoshua (Joshua), which means "YHWH saves". It is the name the angel told Joseph to give him (Matthew 1:21).

Where else “Iēsous” appears
had receivedἔλαβενelaben

take

To grasp something in the hand, or take it from someone.

Where else “elaben” appears
the sour wineὄξοςoxos

sour wine

Sour wine, vinegar.

Where else “oxos” appears
he saidεἶπενeipen

say

To express something in words to others.

Where else “eipen” appears
“It is finishedΤετέλεσταιTetelestai

carry out

To complete what was said or commanded.

Where else “Tetelestai” appears
bowingκλίναςklinas

bow

To lower the head or face; rest the head to sleep.

Where else “klinas” appears
his headκεφαλὴνkephalēn

head

The top part of the body, where the face and hair are.

Where else “kephalēn” appears
he handed overπαρέδωκενparedōken

betray

To give someone up to enemies, betray them.

Where else “paredōken” appears
the spiritπνεῦμαpneuma

spirit

A person's spirit, their inner self.

Where else “pneuma” appears

Translation note

It is the same verb as in 19:28: everything is accomplished, brought to its end.

Parallel passages

Other books that tell the same thing or quote these words.

The death of Jesus

Matthew 27:45-56Mark 15:33-41Luke 23:44-49

See them side by side

John 19:28-37

28After this, Jesus, knowing that all was already finished, so that the Scripture might be fulfilled, says, “I am thirsty.” 29A jar full of sour wine was standing there; so putting a sponge full of the sour wine on hyssop, they held it to his mouth. 30So when Jesus had received the sour wine, he said, “It is finished,” and bowing his head, he handed over the spirit. 31So the Jews, since it was the day of preparation, so that the bodies would not remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath day was a great one), asked Pilate that their legs be broken and that they be taken away. 32So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and of the other who had been crucified with him; 33but when they came to Jesus, as they saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. 34But one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and at once blood and water came out. 35And the one who has seen has testified, and his testimony is true; and he knows that he is telling the truth, so that you also may believe. 36For these things happened so that the Scripture might be fulfilled, “Not a bone of his will be broken.” 37And again another Scripture says, “They will look on the one whom they pierced.”

Matthew 27:45-56

45Now from the sixth hour darkness came over all the land until the ninth hour. 46And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, “Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?” that is, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?” 47And some of those standing there, when they heard it, were saying, “This man is calling Elijah.” 48And at once one of them ran and took a sponge, and filled it with sour wine, and putting it on a reed, he was giving him a drink. 49But the rest were saying, “Wait, let us see whether Elijah is coming to save him.” 50And Jesus, crying out again with a loud voice, let go of his spirit. 51And look, the curtain of the sanctuary was torn in two, from top to bottom; and the earth was shaken, and the rocks were split; 52and the tombs were opened, and many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised; 53and coming out of the tombs after his resurrection, they went into the holy city and appeared to many. 54Now the centurion and those with him keeping watch over Jesus, seeing the earthquake and the things that had happened, were very afraid, saying, “Truly this man was God’s Son.” 55And there were there many women watching from a distance, who had followed Jesus from Galilee, serving him; 56among whom were Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.

Mark 15:33-41

33And when the sixth hour came, darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour. 34And at the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, “Eloi, Eloi, lema sabachthani?” which is translated, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?” 35And some of those standing by, hearing it, were saying, “Look, he is calling Elijah.” 36And someone ran, and filling a sponge with sour wine, put it on a reed and was giving him a drink, saying, “Wait, let us see whether Elijah comes to take him down.” 37But Jesus, letting out a loud cry, breathed his last. 38And the curtain of the sanctuary was torn in two, from top to bottom. 39And when the centurion, who stood facing him, saw that he breathed his last in this way, he said, “Truly this man was God’s Son.” 40And there were also women watching from a distance, among whom were both Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of James the younger and of Joses, and Salome, 41who, when he was in Galilee, used to follow him and serve him, and many other women who had come up with him to Jerusalem.

Luke 23:44-49

44And it was already about the sixth hour, and darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour, 45the sun having failed; and the curtain of the sanctuary was torn down the middle. 46And crying out with a loud voice, Jesus said, “Father, into your hands I commit my spirit!” And having said this, he breathed his last. 47And the centurion, seeing what had happened, was glorifying God, saying, “Certainly this man was righteous.” 48And all the crowds who had gathered for this spectacle, having seen what had happened, returned home beating their breasts. 49And all his acquaintances stood at a distance, and the women who had followed him from Galilee, seeing these things.

The context

29A jar full of sour wine was standing there; so putting a sponge full of the sour wine on hyssop, they held it to his mouth.

30 · This verse (above)

31So the Jews, since it was the day of preparation, so that the bodies would not remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath day was a great one), asked Pilate that their legs be broken and that they be taken away.

Read all of John 19

To study John 19 in a group

  1. 1. What it says

    What do the soldiers and Pilate do with Jesus, and what does Pilate write on the sign above the cross? (vv. 1-22)

  2. 2. What it means

    Beside the cross, Jesus entrusts his mother and the beloved disciple to each other's care, and says, “It is finished” (vv. 25-30). What do those moments show?

  3. 3. How I live it

    Even in suffering, Jesus made sure his mother would be cared for (vv. 26-27). Whom in your family or friends could you care for better this week?

How to use it