Judges 20:18

“They arose and went up to Bethel and inquired of Elohim; and the sons of Israel said, “Who shall go up for us first to war with the sons of Benjamin?” And YHWH said, “Judah first.””

Judges 20:18 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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18

Judges 20:18, word by word

They aroseיָּקֻמוּyakumu

rise

To go from sitting or lying to standing, or to set out.

Where else “yakumu” appears
and went upיַּעֲלוּyaalu

go up

To go from a low place to a higher one: up the mountain, to Jerusalem or to a city.

Where else “yaalu” appears
and inquiredיִּשְׁאֲלוּyishalu

inquire

To ask YHWH what to do.

Where else “yishalu” appears
of Elohimאלֹהִיםlohim

Elohim

The one true God, the Creator; the word is plural but means one.

Where else “lohim” appears
and the sonsבְּנֵיbene

descendant

A descendant or member of a people: "sons of Israel".

Where else “bene” appears
of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyisrael

Israel

Israel, the new name Jacob received from God, explained as "you have striven with God" (Genesis 32:28); then the name of the people that came from him and, after the division, of the northern kingdom.

Where else “yisrael” appears
saidיֹּאמְרוּyomru

say

To say with the mouth to someone what one thinks or wants, or to answer him.

Where else “yomru” appears
firstתְּחִלָּהtechila

beginning

Beginning, start; "at first".

Where else “techila” appears
to warמִּלְחָמָהmilchama

war, battle

War, battle.

Where else “milchama” appears
of Benjaminבִנְיָמִןvinyamin

Benjamin

Benjamin, the youngest son of Jacob and Rachel; also the tribe that came from him and its land. The name means "son of the right hand".

Where else “vinyamin” appears
And YHWHיְהוָהyehva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yehva” appears
“Judahיְהוּדָהyehuda

Judah

Judah, the fourth son of Jacob and Leah; also the tribe that came from him and its land, and later the southern kingdom; King David came from it. The name sounds like "give thanks". Borne also by other Israelites.

Where else “yehuda” appears

Places in this verse

JerusalemBethel?
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • Bethel ?

    Today: possibly Beitin, West Bank

    A city in the hills about 11 miles (17 km) north of Jerusalem; the location is approximate.

    There Jacob dreamed of a ladder reaching to heaven and named the place Bethel, "house of God" (Gen 28:19). Jeroboam set up a golden calf there (1 Kgs 12:29).

    Genesis 28:19Genesis 12:81 Kings 12:29Amos 7:13

The context

17And the men of Israel were counted, apart from Benjamin, four hundred thousand men who drew the sword; all these were men of war.

18 · This verse (above)

19So the sons of Israel arose in the morning and encamped against Gibeah.

Read all of Judges 20

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