kum · rise, stand, establish

What it means

kum (קוּם) is a Hebrew word of the Bible that means “rise, stand, establish”.

Rise, stand up; also stand firm, establish or fulfill something. "Rise against" is to attack.

How to say it

Approximate pronunciation. Vowels sound as in Spanish (a as in father, e as in bed, i as in machine, o as in note, u as in rule); the syllable in bold is stressed. The voice is your device's.

Its senses in the Bible

1. To go from sitting or lying to standing, or to set out.
2. To rise against someone to attack or confront him.
3. To come onto the scene, like a king or prophet.
4. To hold firm, be fulfilled.
5. To put something up, or confirm a covenant.

From Brown-Driver-Briggs (1906)

Word study

Rise, stand up. BDB defines it as “rise” in very varied applications, literal and figurative. In the causative form it means “raise” and also “establish” or “confirm” something, such as a covenant or a word.

• To rise to set out; “arise” before another command Genesis 22:3Ruth 1:6
• To rise up against someone: to attack him Genesis 4:8
• To establish or confirm a covenant Genesis 6:18Genesis 9:11
• To stand firm, to be valid (a vow, a matter) Numbers 30:4Deuteronomy 19:15

Historical and cultural background

The law required two or three witnesses for a matter to “stand” in a trial; a single witness was not enough (Deuteronomy 19:15).

How we translate it

“Rise” 108 times, “rose” 89, “arose” 57, “Arise” 45, “Get up” 43, “got up” 32, “set up” 23; and “establish” when the object is a covenant (Genesis 6:18; 9:11). When a vow or a matter remains in force, it is translated “stand” (Numbers 30; Deuteronomy 19:15), because there is no movement there but validity.

How it is translated

The words this translation uses for it, most frequent first.

• rise ×108
• rose ×89
• arose ×57
• Arise ×45
• Get up ×43
• got up ×32
• set up ×23
• stand ×23
• establish ×20
• rises ×18
• others ×170

Related words

Words of the same family, by Strong’s numbering.

Where it appears

• Genesis×51
• Exodus×20
• Leviticus×7
• Numbers×32
• Deuteronomy×35
• Joshua×21
• Judges×42
• Ruth×6
• 1 Samuel×47
• 2 Samuel×37
• 1 Kings×40
• 2 Kings×23
• 1 Chronicles×6
• 2 Chronicles×18
• Ezra×7
• Nehemiah×10
• Esther×10
• Job×22
• Psalms×51
• Proverbs×10
• Ecclesiastes×3
• Song of Songs×4
• Isaiah×36
• Jeremiah×43
• Lamentations×3
• Ezekiel×9
• Daniel×2
• Hosea×2
• Amos×10
• Obadiah×2
• Jonah×6
• Micah×7
• Nahum×2
• Habakkuk×2
• Zephaniah×1
• Zechariah×1

• Genesis 4:8

  And Cain said to Abel his brother … And it happened, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother and killed him.

• Genesis 6:18

  But I will establish my covenant with you; and you will come into the ark, you and your sons and your wife and the wives of your sons with you.

• Genesis 9:9

  “And I, look, I am establishing my covenant with you and with your offspring after you,

• Genesis 9:11

  And I will establish my covenant with you: and never again will all flesh be cut off by the waters of the flood, and never again will there be a flood to destroy the earth.”

• Genesis 9:17

  And Elohim said to Noah, “This is the sign of the covenant that I have established between me and all flesh that is on the earth.”

• Genesis 13:17

  Get up, walk through the land along its length and along its width, for to you I will give it.”

• Genesis 17:7

  I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations as an eternal covenant, to be Elohim to you and to your offspring after you.

• Genesis 17:19

  Elohim said, “No, but Sarah your wife will bear you a son, and you shall call his name Isaac; and I will establish my covenant with him as an eternal covenant for his offspring after him.

• Genesis 17:21

  But my covenant I will establish with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you at this appointed time next year.”

• Genesis 18:16

  Then the men got up from there and looked down toward Sodom; and Abraham was walking with them to send them on their way.

• Genesis 19:1

  The two messengers came to Sodom in the evening, and Lot was sitting in the gate of Sodom. When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them and bowed down with his face to the ground.

• Genesis 19:14

  So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who were to marry his daughters, and said, “Get up, get out of this place, for YHWH is about to destroy the city.” But he seemed to be joking in the eyes of his sons-in-law.

• Genesis 19:15

  As the dawn came up, the messengers urged Lot, saying, “Get up, take your wife and your two daughters who are here, lest you be swept away in the iniquity of the city.”

• Genesis 19:33

  So they made their father drink wine that night; and the older went in and lay with her father, and he did not know when she lay down or when she rose.

• Genesis 19:35

  So they made their father drink wine that night also, and the younger got up and lay with him, and he did not know when she lay down or when she rose.

• Genesis 21:18

  Get up, lift up the boy, and hold him with your hand, for I will make him a great nation.”

• Genesis 21:32

  So they made a covenant at Beersheba. Then Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, rose up and returned to the land of the Philistines.

• Genesis 22:3

  Abraham rose early in the morning, saddled his donkey, and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son. He split the wood for the burnt offering, and he rose and went to the place that Elohim had told him.

• Genesis 22:19

  Abraham returned to his young men, and they rose and went together to Beersheba. And Abraham lived in Beersheba.

• Genesis 23:3

  Then Abraham rose from beside his dead and spoke to the sons of Heth, saying,

• Genesis 23:7

  Abraham rose and bowed down to the people of the land, to the sons of Heth.

• Genesis 23:17

  The field of Ephron which was in Machpelah, which is facing Mamre, the field and the cave that was in it and all the trees that were in the field, that were within all its borders all around, were made over

• Genesis 23:20

  The field and the cave that was in it were made over to Abraham as a possession for a grave by the sons of Heth.

• Genesis 24:10

  The servant took ten camels from the camels of his lord and went, with all kinds of good things of his lord in his hand. He rose and went to Aram-naharaim, to the city of Nahor.

• Genesis 24:54

  He and the men who were with him ate and drank and spent the night. When they rose in the morning, he said, “Send me away to my lord.”

• Genesis 24:61

  Rebekah and her girls rose and rode on the camels and followed the man. So the servant took Rebekah and went.

• Genesis 25:34

  Then Jacob gave Esau bread and lentil stew, and he ate and drank, rose, and went away. So Esau despised the birthright.

• Genesis 26:3

  Reside as an alien in this land, and I will be with you and bless you, for to you and to your offspring I will give all these lands, and I will establish the oath that I swore to Abraham your father.

• Genesis 27:19

  Jacob said to his father, “I am Esau your firstborn. I have done as you told me. Get up, please, sit and eat of my game, so that you may bless me.”

• Genesis 27:31

  He also made tasty food and brought it to his father, and he said to his father, “Let my father get up and eat of his son’s game, so that you may bless me.”

• Genesis 27:43

  So now, my son, listen to my voice: get up, flee to Laban my brother, to Haran,

• Genesis 28:2

  Get up, go to Paddan-aram, to the house of Bethuel your mother’s father, and take for yourself from there a wife from the daughters of Laban your mother’s brother.

• Genesis 31:13

  I am El of Bethel, where you anointed a standing stone, where you made to me a vow. Now get up, leave this land and return to the land of your kindred.’”

• Genesis 31:17

  Then Jacob rose and put his children and his wives on the camels.

• Genesis 31:21

  He fled, he and all that he had; he rose, crossed the River, and set his face toward the hill country of Gilead.

• Genesis 31:35

  She said to her father, “Do not let my lord be angry that I cannot rise before you, for the way of women is upon me.” So he searched but did not find the teraphim.

• Genesis 32:22

  He rose that night and took his two wives, his two slave women, and his eleven children, and crossed the ford of the Jabbok.

• Genesis 35:1

  Elohim said to Jacob, “Arise, go up to Bethel and stay there, and make there an altar to El who appeared to you when you fled from Esau your brother.”

• Genesis 35:3

  Let us arise and go up to Bethel, and I will make there an altar to El who answered me in the day of my distress and has been with me on the way that I have gone.”

• Genesis 37:7

  Look, we were binding sheaves in the middle of the field, and look, my sheaf rose and also stood upright; and look, your sheaves gathered around it and bowed down before my sheaf.”

And 588 more times.