3
and Esauוְ עֵשָׂוI hated;שָׂנֵאתִיand I madeוָאָשִׂיםhis mountainsהָרָיוa desolation,שְׁמָמָהand his inheritanceוְ נַחֲלָתוֹa place for the jackalsלְתַנּוֹתof the desert.מִדְבָּר
Malachi 1:3
Study it in the app“and Esau I hated; and I made his mountains a desolation, and his inheritance a place for the jackals of the desert.”
With the Hebrew beneath
Malachi 1:3, word by word
- and Esauעֵשָׂוesav
Esau
Esau, the elder son of Isaac and Rebekah, twin brother of Jacob; also called Edom, father of the Edomites. The name also stands for his descendants.
Where else “esav” appears- I hatedשָׂנֵאתִיsaneti
hate
To feel rejection and hostility toward someone, to the point of wishing him harm.
Where else “saneti” appears- and I madeאָשִׂיםasim
make
To turn something into another: "I will turn him into a nation".
Where else “asim” appears- his mountainsהָרָיharay
mountain
A great rise of land, like Sinai or Zion.
Where else “haray” appears- a desolationשְׁמָמָהshemama
desolation
Desolation: a land left empty and uncultivated; also horror.
Where else “shemama” appears- and his inheritanceנַחֲלָתnachalat
inheritance
Land or goods passed from parents to children.
Where else “nachalat” appears- a place for the jackalsתַנּוֹתtanot
jackal
Jackal, an animal that prowls ruins and deserted places. In Malachi 1:3 Esau's inheritance is left to the jackals.
Where else “tanot” appears- of the desertמִדְבָּרmidbar
wilderness
Dry, unfarmed land where flocks graze.
Where else “midbar” appears
Translation note
Romans 9:13 quotes 1:2-3. It can be understood that “love” and “hate” here express election: whom God chooses for his covenant.
The context
2I have loved you, says YHWH. And you say, “How have you loved us?” Was not Esau Jacob's brother? declares YHWH. Yet I loved Jacob,
3 · This verse (above)
4If Edom says, “We have been shattered, but we will return and build the ruins,” thus says YHWH Tsevaot: They will build, but I will tear down; and they will call them “Territory of wickedness” and “the people against whom YHWH is indignant forever.”