John 19:17–28
He carries his own cross to Golgotha, where he is crucified between two others
Study it word by word17and carrying the cross by himself, he went out to the place called the Place of the Skull, which is called in Hebrew Golgotha,
18where they crucified him, and with him two others, one on each side, and Jesus in the middle.
19And Pilate also wrote an inscription and put it on the cross; and there was written, “Jesus the Nazarene, the King of the Jews.”
20So many of the Jews read this inscription, because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, in Greek.
21So the high priests of the Jews were saying to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but that that man said, ‘I am King of the Jews.’”
22Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”
23So the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments and made four parts, a part for each soldier, and the tunic. Now the tunic was seamless, woven from the top throughout.
24So they said to one another, “Let us not tear it, but let us cast lots for it to see whose it will be,” so that the Scripture might be fulfilled that says, “They divided my garments among themselves, and for my clothing they cast lots.” So the soldiers did these things.
25Now standing by the cross of Jesus were his mother and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.
26So Jesus, seeing his mother and the disciple whom he loved standing near, says to his mother, “Woman, look, your son.”
27Then he says to the disciple, “Look, your mother.” And from that hour the disciple took her into his own home.
28After this, Jesus, knowing that all was already finished, so that the Scripture might be fulfilled, says, “I am thirsty.”
In its context
15So they cried out, “Away with him, away with him, crucify him!” Pilate says to them, “Shall I crucify your king?” The high priests answered, “We have no king but Caesar.”
16So then he handed him over to them to be crucified. So they took Jesus;
…
29A jar full of sour wine was standing there; so putting a sponge full of the sour wine on hyssop, they held it to his mouth.
30So when Jesus had received the sour wine, he said, “It is finished,” and bowing his head, he handed over the spirit.
Its words in the original
- βαστάζωνbastazōn· carry, bear
Carry, bear; endure.
- σταυρὸνstauron· cross
Cross: the wooden stake of Roman execution.
- ἐξῆλθενexēlthen· go out
Go out, come out.
- λεγόμενονlegomenon· say
Say, speak; in the passive, "be called".
- ΚρανίουKraniou· skull
Skull.
- ΤόπονTopon· place
Place.
- ἙβραϊστὶHebraisti· in Hebrew
In Hebrew; in the New Testament it can also mean Aramaic, the language the Jews of that time spoke.
- ΓολγοθαGolgotha· Golgotha
Golgotha: an Aramaic word that means "skull".
- ὅπουhopou· where
Where, wherever.
- ἐσταύρωσανestaurōsan· crucify
Crucify: nail or tie to a cross.
- ἄλλουςallous· other, another
Other, another.
- δύοdyo· two
Two.
- ἐντεῦθενenteuthen· from here
From here, from this place.
- μέσονmeson· middle
Middle, in the midst.
- ἸησοῦνIēsoun· Jesus
Jesus, the Greek form of the Hebrew Yehoshua (Joshua), which means "YHWH saves". It is the name the angel told Joseph to give him (Matthew 1:21).
- ἔγραψενegrapsen· write
Write. "It is written": that is what the Scriptures say.
- τίτλονtitlon· inscription, notice
Notice, a placard stating the reason for the sentence.
- ΠιλᾶτοςPilatos· Pilate
Pilate: Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor of Judea.
- ἔθηκενethēken· put, lay
Put, place, lay down.
- ἦνēn· be
Be, exist.
- ΝαζωραῖοςNazōraios· Nazarene
Nazarene: from Nazareth. That is what people called Jesus and, later, his followers.
- βασιλεὺςbasileus· king
King, one who reigns. In the Gospels, Jesus is the promised king of the Jews.
- ἸουδαίωνIoudaiōn· Jew, Judean
Jew, Judean: one of the people of Judah; in the New Testament it often means the leaders of the people.
- πολλοὶpolloi· much, many
Much, great; in the plural, many.
- ἀνέγνωσανanegnōsan· read
Read.
- ἐγγὺςengys· near
Near, close.
- πόλεωςpoleōs· city, town
City, town.
- ῬωμαϊστίRhōmaisti· in Latin
In Latin, the language of the Romans.
- ἙλληνιστίHellēnisti· in Greek
In Greek.
- ἀρχιερεῖςarchiereis· chief priest, high priest
High priest. In the plural, the one then in office, those who had held it before, and the heads of the priestly families: the chief priests.
- ἀπεκρίθηapekrithē· answer
Answer, reply; speak up.
- στρατιῶταιstratiōtai· soldier
Soldier.
- ἔλαβονelabon· take, receive
Take, receive.
- ἱμάτιαhimatia· cloak, clothes
Cloak, the outer garment; in the plural, clothes.
- ἐποίησανepoiēsan· do, make
Do, make, produce.
- τέσσαραtessara· four
Four.
- μέρηmerē· part
Part; in the plural, region, district.
- ἑκάστῳhekastōi· each
Each, each one.
- χιτῶναchitōna· tunic
Tunic: the inner garment, reaching to the knees.
- ἄραφοςaraphos· seamless
Seamless, made in one piece.
- ἄνωθενanōthen· from above, again
From above; also again, anew.
- ὑφαντὸςhyphantos· woven
Woven.
- ὅλουholou· whole, all
Whole, entire, all.
- ἀλλήλουςallēlous· one another
One another, each other.
- σχίσωμενschisōmen· tear, split
Tear, split.
- λάχωμενlachōmen· obtain by lot
Obtain by lot; receive.
- γραφὴgraphē· Scripture
Scripture: the sacred text; "the Scriptures", the Old Testament.
- πληρωθῇplērōthēi· fulfill, fill
Fill; fulfill: bring about what a word announced.
- ΔιεμερίσαντοDiemerisanto· divide, distribute
Divide up, share out.
- ἱματισμόνhimatismon· clothing
Clothing, garment.
- ἔβαλονebalon· throw, put
Throw, cast; also put.
- κλῆρονklēron· lot, share
Lot (what is cast to decide something); also the share one receives.
- ΕἱστήκεισανHeistēkeisan· stand, set
Stand, stand still, stop; also set, establish.
- μήτηρmētēr· mother
Mother.
- ἀδελφὴadelphē· sister
Sister.
- ΜαρίαMaria· Mary
Mary, the name of several women in the New Testament: Mary the mother of Jesus, Mary Magdalene, Mary the sister of Martha and Lazarus, Mary the mother of James and Joses, and others.
- ΚλωπᾶKlōpa· Clopas
Clopas, a relative of one of the Marys who stood by the cross.
- ΜαγδαληνήMagdalēnē· Magdalene
Magdalene: from Magdala, a town beside the Sea of Galilee.
- ἰδὼνidōn· see
See, look; notice.
- μαθητὴνmathētēn· disciple
Disciple: someone who learns from a teacher and follows him in order to live as he does.
- παρεστῶταparestōta· stand by, present
Place beside, present; put at someone's disposal; stand by.
- ἠγάπαēgapa· love
Love: to seek the good of the other, even of someone who does not deserve it.
- ΓύναιGynai· woman, wife
Woman; with a possessive, wife.
- ἴδεide· look
Look! See!
- υἱόςhuios· son, Son
Son. Also descendant: "son of David" means one of King David's family, and is a title of the promised Messiah.
- εἶταeita· then
Then, next.
- ὥραςhōras· hour
Hour; also moment, time.
- ἴδιαidia· own
One's own, his own.
- ἤδηēdē· already
Already, by now.
- τετέλεσταιtetelestai· finish, complete
Finish, complete, fulfill.
- τελειωθῇteleiōthēi· complete, perfect
Finish, complete; make perfect.
- ΔιψῶDipsō· thirst
Be thirsty; long for something.