Jesus

Verses about the cross

How and why Jesus died, foretold by the prophets and told by the witnesses

31 passages from 19 books

Read it in 7 daysOne passage a day from this topic, with a question to think it over.

1Foretold by the prophets

  • Isaac asks about the lamb; Abraham says, “Elohim will see for himself the lamb”

    Isaac said to Abraham his father, and he said, “My father!” And he said, “Here I am, my son.” He said, “Here are the fire and the wood, but where is the lamb for a burnt offering?” Abraham said, “Elohim will see for himself the lamb for a burnt offering, my son.” And the two of them went on together.

    Genesis 22:7–8
  • The lamb's blood on the doorposts spares Israel on the night of Passover

    Your lamb shall be without defect, a male, a year old; from the sheep or from the goats you shall take it. You shall keep it until the fourteenth day of this month, and the whole assembly of the community of Israel shall slaughter it at twilight. They shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel of the houses in which they eat it. They shall eat the meat that night, roasted in fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter herbs they shall eat it. Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all in water, but roasted in fire, its head with its legs and with its inner parts. You shall not leave any of it until morning; and what is left of it until morning you shall burn in the fire. This is how you shall eat it: your waists belted, your sandals on your feet, and your walking stick in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste. It is the Passover of YHWH. I will pass through the land of Egypt this night and strike every firstborn in the land of Egypt, both people and animals; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments. I am YHWH. The blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you are; when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no destroying plague will be among you when I strike the land of Egypt.

    Exodus 12:5–13
  • On the day of atonement, the people's sins are placed on a goat

    And Aaron shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat and confess over it all the iniquities of the sons of Israel and all their transgressions, for all their sins; and he shall put them on the head of the goat and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who is ready. And the goat shall carry on itself all their iniquities to a land cut off; and he shall let the goat go in the wilderness.

    Leviticus 16:21–22
  • David cries out, “why have you abandoned me?”, words Jesus also speaks on the cross

    For the director. On The Doe of the Dawn. A psalm of David. My El, my El, why have you abandoned me? Far from my salvation are the words of my roaring. My Elohim, I call by day, and you do not answer; and by night, and there is no silence for me. But you are holy, dwelling in the praises of Israel.

    Psalms 22:1–3
  • The psalmist says they divide his clothes and cast lots; John quotes these words at the cross

    I count all my bones; they look, they gaze at me. They divide my garments among them, and for my clothing they cast lots. But you, YHWH, do not be far; my strength, hurry to my help.

    Psalms 22:17–19
  • The despised servant carries our sorrows and sicknesses

    Despised and rejected by men, a man of pains and acquainted with sickness; and like one from whom the face is hidden, despised, and we did not esteem him. Surely our sicknesses he carried, and our pains he bore them; yet we considered him stricken, struck by Elohim and afflicted. But he was pierced for our transgressions, crushed for our iniquities; the correction of our peace was upon him, and by his wound we were healed. All of us like sheep went astray; each to his own way we turned; and YHWH caused to fall on him the iniquity of us all.

    Isaiah 53:3–6
  • Silent as a lamb, he is led to death and offers his life for many

    He was mistreated, and he humbled himself, and he did not open his mouth; like a lamb that is led to the slaughter, and like a ewe that before her shearers is silent, and he did not open his mouth. By oppression and by judgment he was taken away; and his generation, who will consider it? For he was cut off from the land of the living; for the transgression of my people the blow was for him. And they made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death, although he had done no violence, nor was there deceit in his mouth. And YHWH was pleased to crush him; he made him sick. If he makes his soul a guilt offering, he will see offspring, he will prolong days, and the desire of YHWH will prosper in his hand. From the suffering of his soul he will see, and be satisfied; by his knowledge will declare righteous the righteous one, my servant, the many, and their iniquities he will bear. Therefore I will give him a portion with the many, and with the strong he will divide the spoil, because he poured out to death his soul, and with the transgressors he was counted; and he carried the sin of many, and for the transgressors he intercedes.

    Isaiah 53:7–12
  • God says, “they will look to me, whom they have pierced”; John quotes this at the cross

    And I will pour out on the house of David and on the inhabitant of Jerusalem a spirit of favor and of supplications; and they will look to me, whom they have pierced; and they will lament over him like the lament over the only one, and grieve bitterly over him as one grieves bitterly over the firstborn.

    Zechariah 12:10

2What happened

  • In Gethsemane, anguished, Jesus prays that the Father's will be done

    Then Jesus comes with them to a place called Gethsemane, and he says to the disciples, “Sit here while I go away there and pray.” And taking along Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, he began to be grieved and distressed. Then he says to them, “My soul is very sorrowful, to the point of death; remain here and keep watch with me.” And going forward a little, he fell on his face praying and saying, “My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from me; yet not as I want, but as you want.” And he comes to the disciples and finds them sleeping, and says to Peter, “So you were not able to keep watch with me one hour? Keep watch and pray, so that you may not come into temptation; the spirit is willing, but the flesh weak.” Again, a second time, he went away and prayed, saying, “My Father, if this cannot pass unless I drink it, let your will be done.” And coming again, he found them sleeping, for their eyes were heavy. And leaving them again, he went away and prayed a third time, saying the same words again. Then he comes to the disciples and says to them, “Are you still sleeping and taking your rest? Look, the hour has come near, and the Son of Man is handed over into the hands of sinners. Get up, let us go; look, the one who hands me over has come near.”

    Matthew 26:36–46
  • Judas betrays him with a kiss before a crowd armed with swords and clubs

    And while he was still speaking, look, Judas, one of the twelve, came, and with him a large crowd with swords and clubs, from the high priests and elders of the people. Now the one who was handing him over had given them a sign, saying, “The one I kiss, he is the one; seize him.” And at once coming up to Jesus, he said, “Greetings, Rabbi!” and he kissed him. But Jesus said to him, “Friend, do that for which you have come.” Then they came up and laid their hands on Jesus and seized him.

    Matthew 26:47–50
  • The crowd shouts “Let him be crucified”; Pilate asks what evil he did, washes his hands, and gives in

    But the high priests and the elders persuaded the crowds to ask for Barabbas and to destroy Jesus. And the governor answered them, “Which of the two do you want me to release for you?” And they said, “Barabbas.” Pilate says to them, “Then what shall I do with Jesus who is called Messiah?” They all say, “Let him be crucified!” And he said, “Why, what evil has he done?” But they kept shouting all the more, saying, “Let him be crucified!” When Pilate saw that he was gaining nothing, but rather an uproar was starting, he took water and washed his hands before the crowd, saying, “I am innocent of this blood; you will see to it.” And all the people answered, “His blood be on us and on our children!” Then he released Barabbas for them; but after flogging Jesus, he handed him over to be crucified.

    Matthew 27:20–26
  • The soldiers mock him with a crown of thorns and a purple robe

    And the soldiers led him away inside the courtyard, which is the praetorium, and they call together the whole cohort. And they clothe him in purple, and after twisting a crown of thorns, they put it on him. And they began to salute him, “Hail, King of the Jews!” And they were striking his head with a reed and spitting on him, and bending their knees, they were paying homage to him. And when they had mocked him, they stripped him of the purple and put his own clothes on him. And they lead him out to crucify him.

    Mark 15:16–20
  • Already crucified, he asks forgiveness for those doing it

    And when they came to the place that is called The Skull, there they crucified him and the criminals, one on the right and one on the left. And Jesus was saying, “Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing.” And dividing his garments, they cast lots.

    Luke 23:33–34
  • To one of the criminals beside him he promises to be with him that very day

    And one of the criminals who were hanging there was blaspheming him, saying, “Are you not the Messiah? Save yourself and us!” But the other answered, and rebuking him said, “Do you not even fear God, since you are under the same condemnation? And we indeed are here justly, for we are receiving back what is due for what we did; but this man has done nothing wrong.” And he was saying, “Jesus, remember me when you come in your kingdom.” And he said to him, “Truly I tell you, today you will be with me in paradise.”

    Luke 23:39–43
  • He carries his own cross to Golgotha, where he is crucified between two others

    and carrying the cross by himself, he went out to the place called the Place of the Skull, which is called in Hebrew Golgotha, where they crucified him, and with him two others, one on each side, and Jesus in the middle. And Pilate also wrote an inscription and put it on the cross; and there was written, “Jesus the Nazarene, the King of the Jews.” So many of the Jews read this inscription, because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, in Greek. So the high priests of the Jews were saying to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but that that man said, ‘I am King of the Jews.’” Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.” So the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments and made four parts, a part for each soldier, and the tunic. Now the tunic was seamless, woven from the top throughout. So they said to one another, “Let us not tear it, but let us cast lots for it to see whose it will be,” so that the Scripture might be fulfilled that says, “They divided my garments among themselves, and for my clothing they cast lots.” So the soldiers did these things. Now standing by the cross of Jesus were his mother and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. So Jesus, seeing his mother and the disciple whom he loved standing near, says to his mother, “Woman, look, your son.” Then he says to the disciple, “Look, your mother.” And from that hour the disciple took her into his own home. After this, Jesus, knowing that all was already finished, so that the Scripture might be fulfilled, says, “I am thirsty.”

    John 19:17–28
  • Darkness at midday, his cry to God, and the curtain of the sanctuary torn in two

    Now from the sixth hour darkness came over all the land until the ninth hour. And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, “Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?” that is, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?” And some of those standing there, when they heard it, were saying, “This man is calling Elijah.” And at once one of them ran and took a sponge, and filled it with sour wine, and putting it on a reed, he was giving him a drink. But the rest were saying, “Wait, let us see whether Elijah is coming to save him.” And Jesus, crying out again with a loud voice, let go of his spirit. And look, the curtain of the sanctuary was torn in two, from top to bottom; and the earth was shaken, and the rocks were split; and the tombs were opened, and many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised; and coming out of the tombs after his resurrection, they went into the holy city and appeared to many. Now the centurion and those with him keeping watch over Jesus, seeing the earthquake and the things that had happened, were very afraid, saying, “Truly this man was God’s Son.”

    Matthew 27:45–54
  • A soldier pierces his side, and John sees what was written fulfilled

    So the Jews, since it was the day of preparation, so that the bodies would not remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath day was a great one), asked Pilate that their legs be broken and that they be taken away. So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and of the other who had been crucified with him; but when they came to Jesus, as they saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. But one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and at once blood and water came out. And the one who has seen has testified, and his testimony is true; and he knows that he is telling the truth, so that you also may believe. For these things happened so that the Scripture might be fulfilled, “Not a bone of his will be broken.” And again another Scripture says, “They will look on the one whom they pierced.”

    John 19:31–37
  • Joseph of Arimathea asks for the body and buries it in his own new tomb

    When evening came, there came a rich man from Arimathea, named Joseph, who himself also had become a disciple of Jesus. This man went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus. Then Pilate ordered it to be given to him. And Joseph took the body and wrapped it in a clean linen cloth and laid it in his own new tomb, which he had cut in the rock; and after rolling a large stone to the door of the tomb, he went away. And Mary Magdalene and the other Mary were there, sitting opposite the grave.

    Matthew 27:57–61

3Why he died

  • He died for those who were still weak: this is how God shows his love

    For while we were still weak, at the right time the Messiah died for the ungodly. For scarcely will anyone die for a righteous person; though for the good person perhaps someone even dares to die. But God shows his own love for us in that while we were still sinners, the Messiah died for us. Much more, then, having now been declared righteous by his blood, we will be saved through him from the wrath. For if, while we were enemies, we were reconciled to God through the death of his Son, much more, having been reconciled, we will be saved by his life. And not only that, but we are also boasting in God through our Lord Jesus the Messiah, through whom we have now received the reconciliation.

    Romans 5:6–11
  • Love is not that we loved, but that God sent his Son

    By this the love of God was revealed among us: that God has sent his only Son into the world so that we might live through him. In this is love, not that we have loved God, but that he loved us and sent his Son as the expiation for our sins.

    1 John 4:9–10
  • God, in the Messiah, was reconciling the world to himself, not counting their faults against them

    For the love of the Messiah compels us, because we have judged this: that one died for all; therefore all died; and he died for all, so that those who live should no longer live for themselves but for the one who died for them and was raised. So we from now on know no one according to the flesh; even if we have known the Messiah according to the flesh, yet now we no longer know him in that way. So if anyone is in the Messiah, there is a new creation; the old things have passed away; look, new things have come. And all things are from God, who reconciled us to himself through the Messiah and gave us the service of reconciliation, namely, that God was in the Messiah reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and entrusting to us the word of reconciliation. So on behalf of the Messiah we are ambassadors, as though God were appealing through us; we beg you on behalf of the Messiah, be reconciled to God. He made the one who did not know sin to be sin for us, so that we might become the righteousness of God in him.

    2 Corinthians 5:14–21
  • All fell short, and God presents Jesus as the way to be declared righteous

    for all sinned and fall short of the glory of God, being declared righteous freely by his grace through the redemption that is in the Messiah Jesus, whom God put forward as a cover of expiation through faith, in his blood, for a demonstration of his righteousness, because of the passing over of the sins committed beforehand in the forbearance of God; for the demonstration of his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be righteous and the one who declares righteous the one who is of faith in Jesus.

    Romans 3:23–26
  • The Messiah redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us

    The Messiah redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us, because it is written: Cursed is everyone who hangs on a wooden beam,

    Galatians 3:13
  • His blood, unlike that of animals, cleanses the conscience

    But when the Messiah came as high priest of the good things that have come, through the greater and more perfect tent, not made with hands, that is, not of this creation, not through the blood of goats and calves, but through his own blood, he entered once for all into the Holy Place, having obtained eternal redemption. For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling those who have been defiled, sanctify for the cleanness of the flesh, how much more will the blood of the Messiah, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to worship the living God!

    Hebrews 9:11–14
  • Peter says he bore our sins on the tree and by his wound we were healed

    For to this you were called, because the Messiah also suffered for you, leaving you an example, so that you might follow in his steps, who committed no sin, nor was deceit found in his mouth; who, when he was insulted, did not insult in return; when he suffered, did not threaten, but entrusted himself to the one who judges justly; who himself bore our sins in his body on the wooden beam, so that having died to sins we might live to righteousness; by whose wound you were healed. For you were like sheep going astray, but you have now returned to the Shepherd and Overseer of your souls.

    1 Peter 2:21–25

4What it means for us

  • Paul: crucified with the Messiah, he no longer lives, but the Messiah lives in him

    For I, through the law, died to the law, so that I might live to God. With the Messiah I have been crucified; and it is no longer I who live, but the Messiah lives in me; and what I now live in the flesh, I live in the faith of the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself up for me.

    Galatians 2:19–20
  • United with his death, our old way of living is left behind

    Or do you not know that all of us who were immersed into the Messiah Jesus were immersed into his death? So we were buried with him through the immersion into death, so that, just as the Messiah was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so we too might walk in newness of life. For if we have become united with the likeness of his death, certainly we will be united also with the likeness of his resurrection, knowing this, that our old man was crucified with him so that the body of sin might be done away with, so that we would no longer serve as slaves to sin;

    Romans 6:3–6
  • The record of debt against us is wiped out, nailed to the cross

    And you, being dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, he made you alive together with him, having forgiven us all the trespasses, having wiped out the certificate of debt against us with its decrees, which was opposed to us; and he has taken it out of the way, nailing it to the cross. Having stripped the principalities and the authorities, he exposed them openly, triumphing over them in it.

    Colossians 2:13–15
  • The cross tears down the wall that kept peoples apart

    But now in the Messiah Jesus you who once were far off have become near by the blood of the Messiah. For he himself is our peace, who made both one and broke down the dividing wall of the partition, the hostility, in his flesh, having abolished the law of commandments in decrees, so that he might create the two in himself into one new man, making peace, and might reconcile both in one body to God through the cross, having killed the hostility by it.

    Ephesians 2:13–16
  • One offering, made once, makes us holy forever

    By this will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus the Messiah once for all. And every priest stands daily ministering and offering many times the same sacrifices, which can never remove sins. but this one, having offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, sat down at the right hand of God, from then on waiting until his enemies are made a footstool for his feet. For by one offering he has made perfect for all time those who are being sanctified.

    Hebrews 10:10–14
  • To some the cross is foolishness; to those being saved, it is the power of God

    For the word of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to those who are being saved, to us, it is the power of God. For it is written: I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and the understanding of the discerning I will set aside. Where is the wise one? Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has God not made foolish the wisdom of the world? For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, God was pleased through the foolishness of the proclamation to save those who believe. For Jews ask for signs and Greeks seek wisdom, but we proclaim the Messiah crucified, to Jews a stumbling block and to the nations foolishness, but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, the Messiah is the power of God and the wisdom of God. For the foolishness of God is wiser than men, and the weakness of God is stronger than men.

    1 Corinthians 1:18–25

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