1 Samuel 12:9

“But they forgot YHWH their Elohim, and he sold them into the hand of Sisera, commander of the army of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab, and they fought against them.”

1 Samuel 12:9 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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With the Hebrew beneath

9

1 Samuel 12:9, word by word

But they forgotיִּשְׁכְּחוּyishkchu

forget

Forget.

Where else “yishkchu” appears
YHWHיְהוָהyehva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yehva” appears
their Elohimאֱלֹהֵיelohe

Elohim

The one true God, the Creator; the word is plural but means one.

Where else “elohe” appears
and he soldיִּמְכֹּרyimkor

hand over

To hand someone over to another, above all YHWH handing his people over to their enemies.

Where else “yimkor” appears
into the handיַדyad

power

Literally "the hand": the strength and control someone has.

Where else “yad” appears
of Siseraסִיסְרָאsisra

Sisera

Sisera, commander of the army of Jabin, the Canaanite king of Hazor. Later another person bears the same name (Ezra 2:53).

Where else “sisra” appears
commanderשַׂרsar

chief

Someone set over others, in the army or in the state.

Where else “sar” appears
of the armyצְבָאtseva

army

An army.

Where else “tseva” appears
of the Philistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּיםpelishtim

Philistines

Philistines: a people that settled on the south-west coast of Canaan and was Israel's enemy in the days of the judges and of David.

Where else “pelishtim” appears
of the kingמֶלֶךְmelech

king

A king who rules a people.

Where else “melech” appears
and they foughtיִּלָּחֲמוּyilachamu

fight

To struggle against an enemy with weapons and give battle; God also fights for his people.

Where else “yilachamu” appears

Places in this verse

JerusalemMediterranean SeaHazorMoab
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • 1Hazor

    Today: Tel Hazor ruins, Israel

    A city in northern Israel, about 9 miles (15 km) north of the Sea of Galilee.

    Joshua defeated and burned it (Josh 11:10-11). Later its king Jabin oppressed Israel until Deborah and Barak defeated him (Judg 4:2). Solomon fortified it (1 Kgs 9:15).

    Joshua 11:10Judges 4:21 Kings 9:15

  • 2Moab

    Today: western Jordan, east of the Dead Sea

    The land east of the Dead Sea, in present-day Jordan.

    The Moabites came from a son of Lot (Gen 19:37). Ruth came from Moab (Ruth 1:1-4), and Moses died in its territory (Deut 34:5).

    Genesis 19:37Ruth 1:1Numbers 22:1Deuteronomy 34:5

The context

8When Jacob came to Egypt, your fathers cried out to YHWH, and YHWH sent Moses and Aaron, and they brought your fathers out of Egypt and settled them in this place.

9 · This verse (above)

10They cried out to YHWH and said, ‘We have sinned, for we have forsaken YHWH and have served the Baals and the Astartes. And now deliver us from the hand of our enemies, and we will serve you.’

Read all of 1 Samuel 12

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