1 Samuel 13:12

“I said, ‘Now the Philistines will come down against me at Gilgal, and I have not pleaded before YHWH’; so I forced myself and offered up the burnt offering.””

1 Samuel 13:12 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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12

1 Samuel 13:12, word by word

I saidאֹמַרomar

say

To say with the mouth to someone what one thinks or wants, or to answer him.

Where else “omar” appears
the Philistinesפְלִשְׁתִּיםfelishtim

Philistines

Philistines: a people that settled on the south-west coast of Canaan and was Israel's enemy in the days of the judges and of David.

Where else “felishtim” appears
will come downיֵרְדוּyerdu

go down

To go from a higher place to a lower one, like from the mountain to the valley.

Where else “yerdu” appears
at Gilgalגִּלְגָּלgilgal

Gilgal

See it on the mapWhere else “gilgal” appears
pleaded beforeפְנֵיfene

before

Literally "to the face of": in sight of someone, or on account of something.

Where else “fene” appears
pleaded beforeחִלִּיתִיchiliti

entreat

Literally "soften the face": to plead for someone's favor.

Where else “chiliti” appears
YHWH’יְהוָהyehva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yehva” appears
so I forced myselfאֶתְאַפַּקetapak

control oneself

Control oneself, hold back; refrain.

Where else “etapak” appears
and offered upאַעֲלֶהaale

offer up

To burn a sacrifice on the altar; literally "make go up".

Where else “aale” appears
the burnt offeringעֹלָהola

burnt offering

A sacrifice burned whole on the altar.

Where else “ola” appears

Places in this verse

JerusalemGilgal?
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • Gilgal ?

    Today: disputed; near Jericho, West Bank

    A place near Jericho in the Jordan valley; the exact site is not certain.

    Israel camped there after crossing the Jordan and set up twelve stones (Josh 4:19-20). Saul was confirmed as king there (1 Sam 11:15).

    Joshua 4:19Joshua 5:91 Samuel 11:15

The context

11Samuel said, “What have you done?” And Saul said, “Because I saw that the people were scattering from me, and you did not come within the appointed time of the days, and the Philistines were gathered at Michmash,

12 · This verse (above)

13Samuel said to Saul, “You have acted foolishly. You have not kept the commandment of YHWH your Elohim that he commanded you; for now YHWH would have established your kingdom over Israel forever.

Read all of 1 Samuel 13

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