Genesis 17:20

“As for Ishmael, I have heard you; look, I will bless him and make him fruitful and multiply him exceedingly. He will father twelve chiefs, and I will make him into a great nation.”

Genesis 17:20 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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20

Genesis 17:20, word by word

As for Ishmaelיִשְׁמָעֵאלyishmael

Ishmael

Ishmael, the son of Abram and Hagar, father of twelve tribal chiefs; also the name of other Israelites. The name means "God hears" (Genesis 16:11).

Where else “yishmael” appears
I have heard youשְׁמַעְתִּיshemati

hear

To hear a sound, or learn of something.

Where else “shemati” appears
I will blessבֵּרַכְתִּיberachti

bless

God gives good things: life, children, harvests.

Where else “berachti” appears
and make him fruitfulהִפְרֵיתִיhifreti

be fruitful

Bear fruit; be fruitful, have descendants.

Where else “hifreti” appears
and multiplyהִרְבֵּיתִיhirbeti

multiply

To grow in number.

Where else “hirbeti” appears
exceedinglyמְאֹדmeod

very

To a very high degree: the word that adds force to what is said.

Where else “meod” appears
He will fatherיוֹלִידyolid

father

For a man to have a child.

Where else “yolid” appears
twelveשְׁנֵיםshenem

double

Twice the amount, or two plus ten to say twelve.

Where else “shenem” appears
twelveעָשָׂרasar

-teen (ten)

Ten, in the numbers from 11 to 19 (like the "-teen" in "thirteen"); also "-teenth".

Where else “asar” appears
chiefsנְשִׂיאִםnesiim

chief

Literally "one lifted up": the leader of a tribe or clan.

Where else “nesiim” appears
and I will make himנְתַתִּיnetati

make

To make someone something: "I have made you a father".

Where else “netati” appears
into a greatגָּדוֹלgadol

great

Of great size, amount or importance: a river, a city, a king.

Where else “gadol” appears
nationגוֹיgoy

nation

A people with their land; also Israel.

Where else “goy” appears

Translation note

“I have heard you” (shema'ticha) plays on the name Ishmael.

The context

19Elohim said, “No, but Sarah your wife will bear you a son, and you shall call his name Isaac; and I will establish my covenant with him as an eternal covenant for his offspring after him.

20 · This verse (above)

21But my covenant I will establish with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you at this appointed time next year.”

Read all of Genesis 17

To study Genesis 17 in a group

  1. 1. What it says

    What new names did Abram and Sarai receive, and what did Elohim promise Abraham (vv. 5, 15-16)?

  2. 2. What it means

    What does it show about Elohim’s plan that Abram becomes Abraham, “father of a multitude of nations” (v. 5)?

  3. 3. How I live it

    What helps you remember each day what Elohim has said about you and your life?

How to use it