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Hebrews 12:18

“For you have not drawn near to what can be touched and to a blazing fire, and to darkness and gloom and a storm,”

Hebrews 12:18 · direct translation from the Greek
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With the Greek beneath

18

Allusion · Exodus 19:16-19

Go to Exodus 19:16-19

Hebrews describes the arrival at Sinai with elements from Exodus 19:16-19: fire, the sound of a trumpet, and a voice.

They share words that are rare in the original, without a quotation.

  • πυρὶpyriG4442אֵשׁeshH784“fire”
  • σάλπιγγοςsalpingosG4536שֹׁפָרshofarH7782“trumpet”
  • φωνῇphōnēiG5456קֹלֹתkolotH6963“voice, sound”

Allusion · Deuteronomy 4:11

Go to Deuteronomy 4:11

Both texts describe the mountain that burned with fire, with darkness and gloom.

They share words that are rare in the original, without a quotation.

  • πυρὶpyriG4442אֵשׁeshH784“fire”
  • κεκαυμένῳkekaumenōiG2545בֹּעֵרboerH1197“burn, set on fire”
  • γνόφῳgnophōiG1105חֹשֶׁךְjoshejH2822“darkness”

Hebrews 12:18, word by word

drawn nearπροσεληλύθατεproselēlythate

come near

To come up close to someone, go toward them.

Where else “proselēlythate” appears
to what can be touchedψηλαφωμένῳpsēlaphōmenōi

touch, handle

To touch, to handle.

Where else “psēlaphōmenōi” appears
to a blazingκεκαυμένῳkekaumenōi

burn

To kindle a lamp or fire; to be aflame.

Where else “kekaumenōi” appears
fireπυρὶpyri

fire

Fire.

Where else “pyri” appears
to darknessγνόφῳgnophōi

darkness, gloom

Darkness, thick gloom.

Where else “gnophōi” appears
gloomζόφῳzophōi

deep darkness, gloom

Deep darkness, gloom; the darkness of the lowest places.

Where else “zophōi” appears
a stormθυέλλῃthyellēi

storm, whirlwind

Storm, whirlwind.

Where else “thyellēi” appears

Translation note· on the manuscripts

Many manuscripts read “to the mountain that can be touched.” This recalls Exodus 19:16-19 and Deuteronomy 4:11.

The context

17For you know that even afterward, when he wanted to inherit the blessing, he was rejected, for he found no place for a change of mind, although he sought it with tears.

18 · This verse (above)

19and to the sound of a trumpet and to a voice of words, which those who heard begged that no word be added to them,

Read all of Hebrews 12

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