Isaiah 31:3

“And Egypt is a human being, and not El; and their horses are flesh, and not spirit. And YHWH will stretch out his hand, and the helper will stumble, and the one helped will fall, and together all of them will come to an end.”

Isaiah 31:3 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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3

Isaiah 31:3, word by word

And Egypt isמִצְרַיִםmitsrayim

Egypt, Mizraim

See it on the mapWhere else “mitsrayim” appears
a human beingאָדָםadam

human being

All humankind, men and women, as creatures God formed.

Where else “adam” appears
Elאֵלel

El, God, god

"El", an ancient Hebrew word for "God". Alone or with another title it is a name of the God of Israel: El Elyon (God Most High), El Shaddai (God Almighty). Neighboring peoples used the same word for their gods; then this translation writes "god" in lower case. It also means "mighty".

Where else “el” appears
and their horses areסוּסֵיsuse

horse

A war and draft animal that pulls chariots, or the one who rides it.

Where else “suse” appears
fleshבָּשָׂרbasar

flesh

The body of a person or animal, the soft part covering the bones.

Where else “basar” appears
spiritרוּחַruach

spirit

What moves a person inside: their life, their mood.

Where else “ruach” appears
And YHWHיהוָהyhva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yhva” appears
will stretch outיַטֶּהyate

stretch out

To reach out the hand, or set up a tent.

Where else “yate” appears
his handיָדyad

hand

The part of the body with which one takes, gives and works; also what one does.

Where else “yad” appears
and the helperעוֹזֵרozer

helper

A person who comes to another's side to help him in what he needs.

Where else “ozer” appears
will stumbleכָשַׁלchashal

stumble

To lose one's balance while walking until one falls.

Where else “chashal” appears
will fallנָפַלnafal

fall

To fall to the ground, or for a city to fall.

Where else “nafal” appears
and togetherיַחְדָּוyachdav

together

Together, at the same time.

Where else “yachdav” appears
will come to an endיִכְלָיוּyichlayu

finish

To bring a work or a matter through to its end.

Where else “yichlayu” appears

Places in this verse

JerusalemEgypt
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • Egypt

    Today: Egypt (Nile Valley)

    A country in northeast Africa along the Nile River, southwest of Israel.

    Joseph was sold into it, and his family went down to live there (Gen 37:28; 46:6). God brought Israel out of it with a mighty hand (Exod 12:41). The child Jesus fled there with his parents (Matt 2:14).

    Genesis 12:10Genesis 37:28Exodus 12:41Matthew 2:14

The context

2And yet he is wise, and he brings evil, and his words he does not take back; and he will rise against the house of evildoers and against the help of those who work wickedness.

3 · This verse (above)

4For thus YHWH said to me: “As the lion growls, and the young lion, over its prey, when a full band of shepherds is called out against it, at their voice it is not terrified, and at their tumult it is not abashed, so YHWH Tsevaot will come down to wage war upon Mount Zion and upon its hill.

Read all of Isaiah 31

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