Joshua 10:40

“So Joshua struck all the land: the hill country, the Negev, the Shephelah, and the slopes, and all their kings; he left no survivor, and he devoted to destruction all that breathed, just as YHWH, the Elohim of Israel, had commanded.”

Joshua 10:40 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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40

Joshua 10:40, word by word

So Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁעַyehoshua

Joshua

Joshua, the helper and successor of Moses. The name means "YHWH saves"; in Greek it is the same name as "Jesus". Other men bore it, among them the high priest after the exile (Haggai 1:1).

Where else “yehoshua” appears
struckיַּכֶּהyake

defeat

To attack and beat in battle.

Where else “yake” appears
the landאָרֶץarets

land

A region or nation, above all Israel's.

Where else “arets” appears
the hill countryהָרhar

hill country

A whole region of high ground, like that of Ephraim or Judah.

Where else “har” appears
the Negevנֶּגֶבnegev

Negev

The dry land in the south of Israel.

Where else “negev” appears
the Shephelahשְּׁפֵלָהshefela

lowland, Shephelah

Shephelah, the lowland: the zone of low hills between the hill country of Judah and the coast.

Where else “shefela” appears
and the slopesאֲשֵׁדוֹתashedot

slope

Slope: the side of a mountain where the water runs down.

Where else “ashedot” appears
their kingsמַלְכֵיmalche

king

A king who rules a people.

Where else “malche” appears
he leftהִשְׁאִירhishir

leave

To leave something over.

Where else “hishir” appears
survivorשָׂרִידsarid

survivor

Survivor: one who remains alive after a battle or a disaster.

Where else “sarid” appears
and he devoted to destructionהֶחֱרִיםhecherim

devote to destruction

To give something wholly to YHWH, often by destroying it.

Where else “hecherim” appears
that breathedנְּשָׁמָהneshama

breath

The puff of life God gave; "every living thing that draws air".

Where else “neshama” appears
YHWHיְהוָהyehva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yehva” appears
the Elohimאֱלֹהֵיelohe

Elohim

The one true God, the Creator; the word is plural but means one.

Where else “elohe” appears
of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyisrael

Israel

Israel, the new name Jacob received from God, explained as "you have striven with God" (Genesis 32:28); then the name of the people that came from him and, after the division, of the northern kingdom.

Where else “yisrael” appears
had commandedצִוָּהtsiva

command

To give an order: "as YHWH had commanded".

Where else “tsiva” appears

Translation note

The command is in Deuteronomy 20:16-17.

The context

39He took it and its king and all its cities, and they struck them with the edge of the sword and devoted to destruction every person who was in it; he left no survivor. As he had done to Hebron, so he did to Debir and to its king, and as he had done to Libnah and to its king.

40 · This verse (above)

41And Joshua struck them from Kadesh-barnea as far as Gaza, and all the land of Goshen as far as Gibeon.

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