So Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁעַstruckוַיַּכֶּהallאֶת כָּלthe land:הָאָרֶץthe hill country,הָהָרthe Negev,וְהַנֶּגֶבthe Shephelah,וְהַשְּׁפֵלָהand the slopes,וְהָאֲשֵׁדוֹתand allוְאֵת כָּלtheir kings;מַלְכֵיהֶםhe leftהִשְׁאִירnoלֹאsurvivor,שָׂרִידand he devoted to destructionהֶחֱרִיםallוְאֵת כָּלthat breathed,הַנְּשָׁמָהjust asכַּאֲשֶׁרYHWH,יְהוָהthe Elohimאֱלֹהֵיof Israel,יִשְׂרָאֵלhad commanded.צִוָּה
Joshua 10:40
Study it in the app“So Joshua struck all the land: the hill country, the Negev, the Shephelah, and the slopes, and all their kings; he left no survivor, and he devoted to destruction all that breathed, just as YHWH, the Elohim of Israel, had commanded.”
With the Hebrew beneath
Joshua 10:40, word by word
- So Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁעַyehoshua
Joshua
Joshua, the helper and successor of Moses. The name means "YHWH saves"; in Greek it is the same name as "Jesus". Other men bore it, among them the high priest after the exile (Haggai 1:1).
Where else “yehoshua” appears- struckיַּכֶּהyake
defeat
To attack and beat in battle.
Where else “yake” appears- the landאָרֶץarets
land
A region or nation, above all Israel's.
Where else “arets” appears- the hill countryהָרhar
hill country
A whole region of high ground, like that of Ephraim or Judah.
Where else “har” appears- the Negevנֶּגֶבnegev
Negev
The dry land in the south of Israel.
Where else “negev” appears- the Shephelahשְּׁפֵלָהshefela
lowland, Shephelah
Shephelah, the lowland: the zone of low hills between the hill country of Judah and the coast.
Where else “shefela” appears- and the slopesאֲשֵׁדוֹתashedot
slope
Slope: the side of a mountain where the water runs down.
Where else “ashedot” appears- their kingsמַלְכֵיmalche
king
A king who rules a people.
Where else “malche” appears- he leftהִשְׁאִירhishir
leave
To leave something over.
Where else “hishir” appears- survivorשָׂרִידsarid
survivor
Survivor: one who remains alive after a battle or a disaster.
Where else “sarid” appears- and he devoted to destructionהֶחֱרִיםhecherim
devote to destruction
To give something wholly to YHWH, often by destroying it.
Where else “hecherim” appears- that breathedנְּשָׁמָהneshama
breath
The puff of life God gave; "every living thing that draws air".
Where else “neshama” appears- YHWHיְהוָהyehva
YHWH
The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.
Where else “yehva” appears- the Elohimאֱלֹהֵיelohe
Elohim
The one true God, the Creator; the word is plural but means one.
Where else “elohe” appears- of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyisrael
Israel
Israel, the new name Jacob received from God, explained as "you have striven with God" (Genesis 32:28); then the name of the people that came from him and, after the division, of the northern kingdom.
Where else “yisrael” appears- had commandedצִוָּהtsiva
command
To give an order: "as YHWH had commanded".
Where else “tsiva” appears
Translation note
The command is in Deuteronomy 20:16-17.
The context
39He took it and its king and all its cities, and they struck them with the edge of the sword and devoted to destruction every person who was in it; he left no survivor. As he had done to Hebron, so he did to Debir and to its king, and as he had done to Libnah and to its king.
40 · This verse (above)
41And Joshua struck them from Kadesh-barnea as far as Gaza, and all the land of Goshen as far as Gibeon.