Mark 12:36

“David himself said by the Holy Spirit, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right until I put your enemies under your feet.”’”
Mark 12:36 · direct translation from the Greek

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With the Greek beneath

DavidΔαυὶδhimselfαὐτὸςsaidεἶπενbyἐνthe Holy Spirit,τῷ πνεύματι τῷ ἁγίῳ‘The LordκύριοςsaidΕἶπενto my Lord,τῷ κυρίῳ μου“SitΚάθουatἐκmy rightδεξιῶν μουuntilἕως ἂνI putθῶyour enemiesτοὺς ἐχθρούς σουunderὑποκάτωyour feet.”’τῶν ποδῶν σου

Quotation · Psalms 110:1

Go to Psalms 110:1

Psalm 110:1 is quoted: “YHWH declares to my lord: Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies the footstool of your feet.” In the Hebrew, the first “Lord” is YHWH and the second, adoni.

Formula: αὐτὸς Δαυὶδ εἶπεν ἐν τῷ πνεύματι τῷ ἁγίῳ “David himself said by the Holy Spirit” (Mark 12:36)

See the original texts

Greek of the New Testament: αὐτὸς Δαυὶδ εἶπεν ἐν τῷ πνεύματι τῷ ἁγίῳ Εἶπεν κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν σου

Hebrew (Masoretic text): לְדָוִד מִזְמוֹר נְאֻם יְהוָה לַאדֹנִי שֵׁב לִימִינִי עַד אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ

Septuagint (Psalms 109:1 in the Septuagint numbering): Εἶπεν ὁ κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου.

The Greek of the NT matches the Septuagint word for word in 14 consecutive words: “κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου.”

Septuagint, Swete’s text, First1KGreek transcription (with reading errors), CC BY-SA 4.0

Mark 12:36, word by word

DavidΔαυὶδDauid

David

David, the king of Israel from whose line God promised a king forever (2 Samuel 7:12-16).

Where else “Dauid” appears

saidεἶπενeipen

say

To express something in words to others.

Where else “eipen” appears

the Holy Spiritπνεύματιpneumati

Spirit

God himself at work, giving life and dwelling in believers.

Where else “pneumati” appears

the Holy Spiritἁγίῳhagiōi

Holy Spirit

God's Spirit, who is his own and sets people apart for him.

Where else “hagiōi” appears

‘The Lordκύριοςkyrios

Lord

The Lord: God, whose name is YHWH; also Jesus.

Where else “kyrios” appears

“SitΚάθουKathou

reign

To be on the throne, to reign.

Where else “Kathou” appears

my rightδεξιῶνdexiōn

right

Right (hand, side).

Where else “dexiōn” appears

I putθῶthō

put

To put something somewhere.

Where else “thō” appears

your enemiesἐχθρούςechthrous

enemy

Someone who hates another or wars against them.

Where else “echthrous” appears

underὑποκάτωhypokatō

under

Under, beneath.

Where else “hypokatō” appears

your feet.”’ποδῶνpodōn

foot

Foot.

Where else “podōn” appears

Parallel passages

Other books that tell the same thing or quote these words.

Whose son is the Messiah?

Matthew 22:41-46 Luke 20:41-44

See them side by side

Mark 12:35-37

³⁵And Jesus responded and said, as he taught in the temple, “How do the scribes say that the Messiah is the son of David? ³⁶David himself said by the Holy Spirit, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right until I put your enemies under your feet.”’ ³⁷David himself calls him Lord; so how is he his son?” And the large crowd was listening to him gladly.

Matthew 22:41-46

⁴¹Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them, ⁴²saying, “What do you think about the Messiah? Whose son is he?” They say to him, “David’s.” ⁴³He says to them, “How then does David, in the Spirit, call him Lord, saying, ⁴⁴‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right until I put your enemies under your feet”’? ⁴⁵If then David calls him Lord, how is he his son?” ⁴⁶And no one was able to answer him a word, nor did anyone dare from that day to question him any longer.

Luke 20:41-44

⁴¹And he said to them, “How do they say that the Messiah is David’s son? ⁴²For David himself says in the book of Psalms, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand ⁴³until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.”’ ⁴⁴So David calls him Lord; and how is he his son?”

Quotation · Psalms 110:1

Psalm 110:1 is quoted: “YHWH declares to my lord: Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies the footstool of your feet.” In the Hebrew, the first “Lord” is YHWH and the second, adoni.

See them side by side

Mark 12:36

³⁶David himself said by the Holy Spirit, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right until I put your enemies under your feet.”’

Psalms 110:1

¹Of David. A psalm. YHWH declares to my lord: “Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.”

The context

35And Jesus responded and said, as he taught in the temple, “How do the scribes say that the Messiah is the son of David?

36 · This verse (above)

37David himself calls him Lord; so how is he his son?” And the large crowd was listening to him gladly.

Read all of Mark 12

To study Mark 12 in a group

1. What it says
What did Jesus answer about paying tribute to Caesar (vv. 15–17)?
2. What it means
Why did Jesus say the poor widow put in more than all the others (vv. 41–44)?
3. How I live it
Jesus said the first commandment is to love the Lord, and the second to love your neighbor (vv. 29–31). How will you make this concrete today?

How to use it