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who was appointedτοῦ ὁρισθέντοςSonυἱοῦof Godθεοῦinἐνpowerδυνάμειaccording toκατὰthe Spiritπνεῦμαof holinessἁγιωσύνηςbyἐξthe resurrectionἀναστάσεωςof the dead:νεκρῶνJesusἸησοῦthe Messiah,Χριστοῦour Lord,τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν
Romans 1:4
Study it in the app“who was appointed Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness by the resurrection of the dead: Jesus the Messiah, our Lord,”
The resurrection designates him Son of God with powerThe Resurrection
With the Greek beneath
Romans 1:4, word by word
- who was appointedὁρισθέντοςhoristhentos
determine, appoint
Determine, appoint, designate; also mark off a boundary.
Where else “horisthentos” appears- Sonυἱοῦhuiou
Son
Jesus, the Son of God.
Where else “huiou” appears- of Godθεοῦtheou
God
The Creator and Lord of all, the one God of Israel.
Where else “theou” appears- powerδυνάμειdynamei
power
The strength to act, above all that of God and his Spirit.
Where else “dynamei” appears- the Spiritπνεῦμαpneuma
Spirit
God himself at work, giving life and dwelling in believers.
Where else “pneuma” appears- of holinessἁγιωσύνηςhagiōsynēs
holiness
Holiness: the condition of what is holy, set apart for God.
Where else “hagiōsynēs” appears- the resurrectionἀναστάσεωςanastaseōs
resurrection
Coming back to life after death.
Where else “anastaseōs” appears- of the deadνεκρῶνnekrōn
dead
Someone who no longer has life, whose body has no breath left.
Where else “nekrōn” appears- JesusἸησοῦIēsou
Jesus
Jesus, the Greek form of the Hebrew Yehoshua (Joshua), which means "YHWH saves". It is the name the angel told Joseph to give him (Matthew 1:21).
Where else “Iēsou” appears- the MessiahΧριστοῦChristou
Messiah
Messiah: literally "anointed", the king or envoy God consecrates with oil. It is a title, not a surname; in Hebrew, mashiach.
Where else “Christou” appears- our Lordκυρίουkyriou
Lord
The Lord: God, whose name is YHWH; also Jesus.
Where else “kyriou” appears
Translation note
“Spirit of holiness” may refer to the Holy Spirit or to the spiritual nature of Jesus, in contrast with “the flesh” of the previous verse.
The context
3concerning his Son, who came from the offspring of David according to the flesh,
4 · This verse (above)
5through whom we received grace and apostleship for the obedience of faith among all the nations for the sake of his name,
To study Romans 1 in a group
1. What it says
How does Paul introduce himself at the start of the letter, and what does he say he is not ashamed of? (vv. 1, 16)
2. What it means
Paul says God's invisible qualities are perceived in what he made (vv. 19-20). What do you think he means by that?
3. How I live it
Paul was not ashamed of the good news (v. 16). How can you speak naturally and respectfully about what you value most?