1 Samuel 1:3

“That man used to go up from his city year after year to bow down and to sacrifice to YHWH Tsevaot in Shiloh; and there were the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, priests of YHWH.”

1 Samuel 1:3 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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With the Hebrew beneath

3

1 Samuel 1:3, word by word

manאִישׁish

man

An adult male person; also each man of a people, a trade or a place.

Where else “ish” appears
used to go upעָלָהala

go up

To go from a low place to a higher one: up the mountain, to Jerusalem or to a city.

Where else “ala” appears
from his cityעִירir

city

A settled place protected by a wall, with a gate and houses.

Where else “ir” appears
year after yearיָּמִיםyamim

time

Literally "the days": a period, an age, or the span of someone's life.

Where else “yamim” appears
to bow downהִשְׁתַּחֲוֺתhishtachavot

worship

To bow before God in adoration.

Where else “hishtachavot” appears
and to sacrificeזְבֹּחַzeboach

sacrifice

To kill an animal as a gift to God or other gods.

Where else “zeboach” appears
to YHWHיהוָהyhva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yhva” appears
Tsevaotצְבָאוֹתtsevaot

Tsevaot

A name of God: the one who commands the armies of heaven and earth.

Where else “tsevaot” appears
in Shilohשִׁלֹהshilo

Shiloh

See it on the mapWhere else “shilo” appears
the twoשְׁנֵיshene

both

The two together, both of them.

Where else “shene” appears
sonsבְנֵיvene

son

The male born of a father and mother; in the plural, also sons and daughters.

Where else “vene” appears
of Eliעֵלִיeli

Eli

Eli, priest at Shiloh who judged Israel forty years (1 Samuel 4:18); Samuel grew up with him.

Where else “eli” appears
Hophniחָפְנִיchafni

Hophni

Hophni, one of the two sons of the priest Eli; he died together with his brother Phinehas (1 Samuel 4:11).

Where else “chafni” appears
and Phinehasפִנְחָסfinchas

Phinehas

Phinehas, the name of two priests: the son of Eleazar and grandson of Aaron (Numbers 25:7) and one of the two sons of Eli (1 Samuel 1:3); also the father of a priest after the exile (Ezra 8:33).

Where else “finchas” appears
priestsכֹּהֲנִיםkohanim

priest

One who serves in the sanctuary and offers for the people.

Where else “kohanim” appears

Translation note

“YHWH Tsevaot” means “YHWH of armies”; this is the first time this name appears in the Bible.

Places in this verse

JerusalemShiloh
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • Shiloh

    Today: Khirbet Seilun (Tel Shiloh), West Bank

    A town in the hills of Ephraim, about 19 miles (30 km) north of Jerusalem.

    The tabernacle stood there in the days of Joshua and Eli (Josh 18:1; 1 Sam 1:3). Hannah prayed there, and Samuel was born (1 Sam 1:9-20).

    Joshua 18:11 Samuel 1:31 Samuel 4:3Jeremiah 7:12

The context

2He had two wives; the name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the second Peninnah. And Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.

3 · This verse (above)

4And the day came when Elkanah sacrificed, and he would give portions to Peninnah his wife and to all her sons and her daughters;

Read all of 1 Samuel 1

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