Exodus 12:23

“For YHWH will pass through to strike Egypt; and when he sees the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, YHWH will pass over the door and will not allow the destroyer to enter your houses to strike you.”

Exodus 12:23 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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With the Hebrew beneath

23

Exodus 12:23, word by word

For YHWHיְהוָהyehva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yehva” appears
will pass throughעָבַרavar

pass

To get over a river, or go through a land.

Where else “avar” appears
to strikeנְגֹּףnegof

strike

To punish with a blow; YHWH does it with a plague or by letting a battle be lost.

Where else “negof” appears
Egyptמִצְרַיִםmitsrayim

Egypt, Mizraim

See it on the mapWhere else “mitsrayim” appears
and when he seesרָאָהraa

see

To see with one's eyes.

Where else “raa” appears
the bloodדָּםdam

blood

The red fluid that runs through the body and carries the life of people and animals.

Where else “dam” appears
the lintelמַּשְׁקוֹףmashkof

lintel

Lintel: the top beam of the door frame.

Where else “mashkof” appears
the twoשְׁתֵּיshete

both

The two together, both of them.

Where else “shete” appears
doorpostsמְּזוּזֹתmezuzot

doorpost

Doorpost: each of the two side posts of a door frame.

Where else “mezuzot” appears
will pass overפָסַחfasach

pass over

To skip over a house to protect it.

Where else “fasach” appears
the doorפֶּתַחpetach

entrance, door

Entrance, doorway, door, opening.

Where else “petach” appears
allowיִתֵּןyiten

let

To let something happen.

Where else “yiten” appears
the destroyerמַּשְׁחִיתmashchit

destroy

To ruin something completely, until it no longer exists or no longer serves.

Where else “mashchit” appears
to enterבֹאvo

enter

To go into a place.

Where else “vo” appears
your housesבָּתֵּיbate

house

A building to live in, or an enclosed place to keep something or someone.

Where else “bate” appears

Translation note

The text does not say who “the destroyer” is; what it does say is that he acts only where YHWH allows him (compare 2 Samuel 24:16; Hebrews 11:28).

Places in this verse

JerusalemEgypt
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • Egypt

    Today: Egypt (Nile Valley)

    A country in northeast Africa along the Nile River, southwest of Israel.

    Joseph was sold into it, and his family went down to live there (Gen 37:28; 46:6). God brought Israel out of it with a mighty hand (Exod 12:41). The child Jesus fled there with his parents (Matt 2:14).

    Genesis 12:10Genesis 37:28Exodus 12:41Matthew 2:14

The context

22Take a bunch of hyssop, dip it in the blood that is in the bowl, and touch the lintel and the two doorposts with some of the blood that is in the bowl. As for you, none shall go out of the door of his house until morning.

23 · This verse (above)

24You shall keep this thing as a statute for you and for your sons forever.

Read all of Exodus 12

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