Exodus 12:29

“At midnight YHWH struck every firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and every firstborn of the livestock.”

Exodus 12:29 · direct translation from the Hebrew
Study it in the app

With the Hebrew beneath

29

Exodus 12:29, word by word

Atיְהִיyehi

be

To be: "I will be their Elohim".

Where else “yehi” appears
midnightחֲצִיchatsi

middle

The central point of something, like the middle of the night.

Where else “chatsi” appears
midnightלַּיְלָהlayla

night

Night.

Where else “layla” appears
YHWHיהוָהyhva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yhva” appears
struckהִכָּהhika

punish

God punishes with a plague.

Where else “hika” appears
firstbornבְּכוֹרbechor

firstborn

The son who came into the world before his brothers, with a special place in the family.

Where else “bechor” appears
in the landאֶרֶץerets

land

A region or nation, above all Israel's.

Where else “erets” appears
of Egyptמִצְרַיִםmitsrayim

Egypt, Mizraim

See it on the mapWhere else “mitsrayim” appears
of Pharaohפַּרְעֹהparo

Pharaoh

Pharaoh: the title of the kings of Egypt, not a personal name.

Where else “paro” appears
who satיֹּשֵׁבyoshev

sit

To sit; or sit on the throne to reign.

Where else “yoshev” appears
on his throneכִּסְאkis

throne

Literally "the seat": the king's chair, or YHWH's, from which he rules.

Where else “kis” appears
of the captiveשְּׁבִיshevi

captive, captivity

Captive, prisoner; captivity.

Where else “shevi” appears
was in the dungeonבֵיתvet

house

A building to live in, or an enclosed place to keep something or someone.

Where else “vet” appears
was in the dungeonבּוֹרbor

dungeon

An empty pit used as a prison.

Where else “bor” appears
of the livestockבְּהֵמָהbehema

livestock

A four-legged animal, above all farm animals.

Where else “behema” appears

Places in this verse

JerusalemEgypt
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • Egypt

    Today: Egypt (Nile Valley)

    A country in northeast Africa along the Nile River, southwest of Israel.

    Joseph was sold into it, and his family went down to live there (Gen 37:28; 46:6). God brought Israel out of it with a mighty hand (Exod 12:41). The child Jesus fled there with his parents (Matt 2:14).

    Genesis 12:10Genesis 37:28Exodus 12:41Matthew 2:14

The context

28Then the sons of Israel went and did; as YHWH had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.

29 · This verse (above)

30Pharaoh rose up in the night, he and all his servants and all Egypt; and there was a great outcry in Egypt, for there was no house where there was not one dead.

Read all of Exodus 12

How to use it