Isaiah 10:12

“And it will happen when Adonai has finished all his work on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem, that I will punish the fruit of the greatness of heart of the king of Assyria and the beauty of the height of his eyes.”

Isaiah 10:12 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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12

Isaiah 10:12, word by word

And it will happenהָיָהhaya

happen

For something to occur or take place; many stories open with this word.

Where else “haya” appears
Adonaiאֲדֹנָadona

Adonai, Lord

"Adonai": "my Lord", said only to God. It is a title of respect that acknowledges his authority. It is not another god besides YHWH: often it goes with his name, "Adonai YHWH", Lord YHWH.

Where else “adona” appears
has finishedיְבַצַּעyevatsa

finish

To carry something through to the end, completing what was begun or said.

Where else “yevatsa” appears
his workמַעֲשֵׂmaase

work

What someone does: his works, and especially what God does.

Where else “maase” appears
on Mountהַרhar

mountain

A great rise of land, like Sinai or Zion.

Where else “har” appears
and in Jerusalemירוּשָׁלִָםyrushalaim

Jerusalem

See it on the mapWhere else “yrushalaim” appears
that I will punishאֶפְקֹדefkod

punish

To call to account, punish.

Where else “efkod” appears
the fruitפְּרִיperi

fruit

What a tree or the land produces, which is eaten.

Where else “peri” appears
of the greatnessגֹדֶלgodel

arrogance

A swollen heart that thinks itself superior.

Where else “godel” appears
of heartלְבַבlevav

heart

The deepest part of a person: where they think, desire and decide.

Where else “levav” appears
of the kingמֶלֶךְmelech

king

A king who rules a people.

Where else “melech” appears
of Assyriaאַשּׁוּרashur

Assyria, Asshur

See it on the mapWhere else “ashur” appears
and the beautyתִּפְאֶרֶתtiferet

beauty

Beauty and splendor seen in something or someone.

Where else “tiferet” appears
of the heightרוּםrum

height, haughtiness

Height, haughtiness; the pride of one who looks down from above.

Where else “rum” appears
of his eyesעֵינָיenay

eye

The organ with which one sees; so "lift the eyes" means to look.

Where else “enay” appears

Places in this verse

Mediterranean SeaZionJerusalemAssyria
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • 1Zion

    Today: Mount Zion hill, Jerusalem

    A hill in Jerusalem; it first named the fortress David captured, and later sometimes the whole city.

    David captured the stronghold of Zion and called it the city of David (2 Sam 5:7). The Psalms and prophets call it the place where God lives among his people (Ps 48:2).

    2 Samuel 5:7Psalms 48:2Hebrews 12:22Romans 9:33

  • 2Jerusalem

    Today: Old City of Jerusalem

    A city in the hills of Judea, about 22 miles (35 km) west of the Dead Sea and 35 miles (55 km) east of the Mediterranean.

    David took it and made it his city (2 Sam 5:7); Solomon built the temple there (1 Kgs 8:1). Jesus was presented there, and the apostles' witness began from it (Luke 2:22; Acts 1:8).

    2 Samuel 5:61 Kings 8:1Luke 2:22Acts 1:8

  • 3Assyria

    Today: northern Iraq (with parts of Syria, Turkey, Iran)

    An empire of northern Mesopotamia along the Tigris River, in present-day Iraq.

    Assyria took the northern kingdom of Israel captive (2 Kgs 17:6). God sent Jonah to preach in Nineveh, its capital (Jonah 3:3).

    2 Kings 17:6Isaiah 10:5Hosea 11:52 Chronicles 33:11

The context

11shall I not, as I have done to Samaria and to her idols, so do to Jerusalem and to her idols?”

12 · This verse (above)

13For he has said, “By the strength of my hand I have done it, and by my wisdom, for I have understanding; and I have removed the boundaries of peoples, and their treasures I have plundered; and like a mighty one I have brought down those who sat on thrones.

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