Isaiah 19:18

“On that day there will be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan and swear by YHWH Tsevaot; one will be called “City of Destruction.””

Isaiah 19:18 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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18

Isaiah 19:18, word by word

On that dayיּוֹםyom

day

The day, the hours of light, or a whole day.

Where else “yom” appears
there will beיִהְיוּyihyu

exist

To exist: "let there be light".

Where else “yihyu” appears
fiveחָמֵשׁchamesh

five

Five.

Where else “chamesh” appears
citiesעָרִיםarim

city

A settled place protected by a wall, with a gate and houses.

Where else “arim” appears
in the landאֶרֶץerets

land

A region or nation, above all Israel's.

Where else “erets” appears
of Egyptמִצְרַיִםmitsrayim

Egypt, Mizraim

See it on the mapWhere else “mitsrayim” appears
that speakמְדַבְּרוֹתmedabrot

speak

To speak, say something; above all God to his people.

Where else “medabrot” appears
the languageשְׂפַתsefat

language

The tongue proper to a people, the language it speaks.

Where else “sefat” appears
of Canaanכְּנַעַןkenaan

Canaan

See it on the mapWhere else “kenaan” appears
and swearנִשְׁבָּעוֹתnishbaot

swear

To promise with God as witness.

Where else “nishbaot” appears
by YHWHיהוָהyhva

YHWH

The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.

Where else “yhva” appears
Tsevaotצְבָאוֹתtsevaot

Tsevaot

A name of God: the one who commands the armies of heaven and earth.

Where else “tsevaot” appears
oneאֶחָתechat

one

The number one; just one and no more.

Where else “echat” appears
will be calledיֵאָמֵרyeamer

be called

To bear a name, to be called by it.

Where else “yeamer” appears
of Destructionהֶרֶסheres

destruction

Destruction, demolition.

Where else “heres” appears

Translation note· on the manuscripts

“Of Destruction” (הַהֶרֶס): with a different letter, “of the Sun” (הַחֶרֶס), as some Hebrew manuscripts read.

Places in this verse

JerusalemMediterranean SeaEgyptCanaan
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • 1Egypt

    Today: Egypt (Nile Valley)

    A country in northeast Africa along the Nile River, southwest of Israel.

    Joseph was sold into it, and his family went down to live there (Gen 37:28; 46:6). God brought Israel out of it with a mighty hand (Exod 12:41). The child Jesus fled there with his parents (Matt 2:14).

    Genesis 12:10Genesis 37:28Exodus 12:41Matthew 2:14

  • 2Canaan

    Today: Israel, West Bank, Gaza, Lebanon, western Syria

    The land between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea, today Israel, Palestine and parts of Lebanon.

    God promised this land to Abraham and his descendants (Gen 17:8). Israel entered it after forty years in the wilderness (Josh 5:12).

    Genesis 12:5Genesis 17:8Exodus 6:4Joshua 5:12

The context

17And the ground of Judah will become a terror to Egypt; everyone to whom one mentions it will be in dread because of the plan of YHWH Tsevaot which he is planning against it.

18 · This verse (above)

19On that day there will be an altar to YHWH in the middle of the land of Egypt, and a standing stone beside its border to YHWH.

Read all of Isaiah 19

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