On that dayבַּיּוֹם הַהוּאthere will beיִהְיוּfiveחָמֵשׁcitiesעָרִיםin the landבְּאֶרֶץof Egyptמִצְרַיִםthat speakמְדַבְּרוֹתthe languageשְׂפַתof Canaanכְּנַעַןand swearוְנִשְׁבָּעוֹתby YHWHלַיהוָהTsevaot;צְבָאוֹתoneלְאֶחָתwill be calledיֵאָמֵר“Cityעִירof Destruction.”הַהֶרֶס
Isaiah 19:18
Study it in the app“On that day there will be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan and swear by YHWH Tsevaot; one will be called “City of Destruction.””
With the Hebrew beneath
Isaiah 19:18, word by word
- On that dayיּוֹםyom
day
The day, the hours of light, or a whole day.
Where else “yom” appears- there will beיִהְיוּyihyu
exist
To exist: "let there be light".
Where else “yihyu” appears- fiveחָמֵשׁchamesh
five
Five.
Where else “chamesh” appears- citiesעָרִיםarim
city
A settled place protected by a wall, with a gate and houses.
Where else “arim” appears- in the landאֶרֶץerets
land
A region or nation, above all Israel's.
Where else “erets” appears- of Egyptמִצְרַיִםmitsrayim
Egypt, Mizraim
See it on the mapWhere else “mitsrayim” appears- that speakמְדַבְּרוֹתmedabrot
speak
To speak, say something; above all God to his people.
Where else “medabrot” appears- the languageשְׂפַתsefat
language
The tongue proper to a people, the language it speaks.
Where else “sefat” appears- of Canaanכְּנַעַןkenaan
Canaan
See it on the mapWhere else “kenaan” appears- and swearנִשְׁבָּעוֹתnishbaot
swear
To promise with God as witness.
Where else “nishbaot” appears- by YHWHיהוָהyhva
YHWH
The personal name of the God of Israel, written in Hebrew with four letters, Y-H-W-H, without vowels. Out of reverence Jews stopped pronouncing it and read "Adonai" (Lord), so many Bibles put "the LORD" or "Jehovah". This translation keeps the four letters. The name is related to the verb "to be" (Exodus 3:14-15). He is not a god other than Elohim: "YHWH Elohim" is the same Creator God, called by his name.
Where else “yhva” appears- Tsevaotצְבָאוֹתtsevaot
Tsevaot
A name of God: the one who commands the armies of heaven and earth.
Where else “tsevaot” appears- oneאֶחָתechat
one
The number one; just one and no more.
Where else “echat” appears- will be calledיֵאָמֵרyeamer
be called
To bear a name, to be called by it.
Where else “yeamer” appears- of Destructionהֶרֶסheres
destruction
Destruction, demolition.
Where else “heres” appears
Translation note· on the manuscripts
“Of Destruction” (הַהֶרֶס): with a different letter, “of the Sun” (הַחֶרֶס), as some Hebrew manuscripts read.
Places in this verse
1Egypt
Today: Egypt (Nile Valley)
A country in northeast Africa along the Nile River, southwest of Israel.
Joseph was sold into it, and his family went down to live there (Gen 37:28; 46:6). God brought Israel out of it with a mighty hand (Exod 12:41). The child Jesus fled there with his parents (Matt 2:14).
2Canaan
Today: Israel, West Bank, Gaza, Lebanon, western Syria
The land between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea, today Israel, Palestine and parts of Lebanon.
God promised this land to Abraham and his descendants (Gen 17:8). Israel entered it after forty years in the wilderness (Josh 5:12).
The context
17And the ground of Judah will become a terror to Egypt; everyone to whom one mentions it will be in dread because of the plan of YHWH Tsevaot which he is planning against it.
18 · This verse (above)
19On that day there will be an altar to YHWH in the middle of the land of Egypt, and a standing stone beside its border to YHWH.