Isaiah 23:13

“Look, the land of the Chaldeans: this people was not; Assyria founded it for desert creatures; they raised their siege towers, they stripped its palaces; he made it a ruin.”

Isaiah 23:13 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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With the Hebrew beneath

13

Isaiah 23:13, word by word

the landאֶרֶץerets

land

A region or nation, above all Israel's.

Where else “erets” appears
of the Chaldeansכַּשְׂדִּיםkasdim

Chaldean

The Chaldeans, or the Babylonians.

Where else “kasdim” appears
peopleעָםam

crowd

The people gathered in a place: the crowd, or the troops that go out to war.

Where else “am” appears
was notהָיָהhaya

exist

To exist: "let there be light".

Where else “haya” appears
Assyriaאַשּׁוּרashur

Assyria, Asshur

See it on the mapWhere else “ashur” appears
founded itיְסָדָyesada

found

To lay the foundations of something on which it will be raised.

Where else “yesada” appears
for desert creaturesצִיִּיםtsiyim

desert dweller

One who lives in the desert: a nomad or a wild animal of the wilderness.

Where else “tsiyim” appears
they raisedהֵקִימוּhekimu

rise

To go from sitting or lying to standing, or to set out.

Where else “hekimu” appears
their siege towersבַחוּנָיvachunay

siege tower

A siege tower, one raised by those besieging a city.

Where else “vachunay” appears
they strippedעֹרְרוּorru

strip bare

Remove clothing, leave nothing on.

Where else “orru” appears
its palacesאַרְמְנוֹתֶיarmnote

citadel, fortress

Citadel, fortified palace: the high and strongest part of a city or of the king's house.

Where else “armnote” appears
he made itשָׂמָsama

make

To turn something into another: "I will turn him into a nation".

Where else “sama” appears
a ruinמַפֵּלָהmapela

ruin

A ruin, a heap of fallen stones.

Where else “mapela” appears

Translation note

The Hebrew of this verse is obscure: it is not clear whether it speaks of Babylon (the Chaldeans) as an example of a ruined city, or of Tyre.

Places in this verse

Assyria
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • Assyria

    Today: northern Iraq (with parts of Syria, Turkey, Iran)

    An empire of northern Mesopotamia along the Tigris River, in present-day Iraq.

    Assyria took the northern kingdom of Israel captive (2 Kgs 17:6). God sent Jonah to preach in Nineveh, its capital (Jonah 3:3).

    2 Kings 17:6Isaiah 10:5Hosea 11:52 Chronicles 33:11

The context

12And he said, “You will not again exult, oppressed virgin daughter of Sidon! Arise, cross over to Kittim; even there there will be no rest for you.”

13 · This verse (above)

14Wail, ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is devastated.

Read all of Isaiah 23

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