Look,הֵןthe landאֶרֶץof the Chaldeans:כַּשְׂדִּיםthisזֶהpeopleהָעָםwas not;לֹא הָיָהAssyriaאַשּׁוּרfounded itיְסָדָהּfor desert creatures;לְצִיִּיםthey raisedהֵקִימוּtheir siege towers,בַחוּנָיוthey strippedעֹרְרוּits palaces;אַרְמְנוֹתֶיהָhe made itשָׂמָהּa ruin.לְמַפֵּלָה
Isaiah 23:13
Study it in the app“Look, the land of the Chaldeans: this people was not; Assyria founded it for desert creatures; they raised their siege towers, they stripped its palaces; he made it a ruin.”
With the Hebrew beneath
Isaiah 23:13, word by word
- the landאֶרֶץerets
land
A region or nation, above all Israel's.
Where else “erets” appears- of the Chaldeansכַּשְׂדִּיםkasdim
Chaldean
The Chaldeans, or the Babylonians.
Where else “kasdim” appears- peopleעָםam
crowd
The people gathered in a place: the crowd, or the troops that go out to war.
Where else “am” appears- was notהָיָהhaya
exist
To exist: "let there be light".
Where else “haya” appears- Assyriaאַשּׁוּרashur
Assyria, Asshur
See it on the mapWhere else “ashur” appears- founded itיְסָדָyesada
found
To lay the foundations of something on which it will be raised.
Where else “yesada” appears- for desert creaturesצִיִּיםtsiyim
desert dweller
One who lives in the desert: a nomad or a wild animal of the wilderness.
Where else “tsiyim” appears- they raisedהֵקִימוּhekimu
rise
To go from sitting or lying to standing, or to set out.
Where else “hekimu” appears- their siege towersבַחוּנָיvachunay
siege tower
A siege tower, one raised by those besieging a city.
Where else “vachunay” appears- they strippedעֹרְרוּorru
strip bare
Remove clothing, leave nothing on.
Where else “orru” appears- its palacesאַרְמְנוֹתֶיarmnote
citadel, fortress
Citadel, fortified palace: the high and strongest part of a city or of the king's house.
Where else “armnote” appears- he made itשָׂמָsama
make
To turn something into another: "I will turn him into a nation".
Where else “sama” appears- a ruinמַפֵּלָהmapela
ruin
A ruin, a heap of fallen stones.
Where else “mapela” appears
Translation note
The Hebrew of this verse is obscure: it is not clear whether it speaks of Babylon (the Chaldeans) as an example of a ruined city, or of Tyre.
Places in this verse
Assyria
Today: northern Iraq (with parts of Syria, Turkey, Iran)
An empire of northern Mesopotamia along the Tigris River, in present-day Iraq.
Assyria took the northern kingdom of Israel captive (2 Kgs 17:6). God sent Jonah to preach in Nineveh, its capital (Jonah 3:3).
The context
12And he said, “You will not again exult, oppressed virgin daughter of Sidon! Arise, cross over to Kittim; even there there will be no rest for you.”
13 · This verse (above)
14Wail, ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is devastated.