Joshua 12:1

“Now these are the kings of the land whom the sons of Israel struck and whose land they took possession of beyond the Jordan, toward the rising of the sun, from the brook Arnon to Mount Hermon, and all the Arabah to the east:”

Joshua 12:1 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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With the Hebrew beneath

1

Joshua 12:1, word by word

the kingsמַלְכֵיmalche

king

A king who rules a people.

Where else “malche” appears
of the landאָרֶץarets

land

A region or nation, above all Israel's.

Where else “arets” appears
the sonsבְנֵיvene

descendant

A descendant or member of a people: "sons of Israel".

Where else “vene” appears
of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyisrael

Israel

Israel, the new name Jacob received from God, explained as "you have striven with God" (Genesis 32:28); then the name of the people that came from him and, after the division, of the northern kingdom.

Where else “yisrael” appears
struckהִכּוּhiku

defeat

To attack and beat in battle.

Where else “hiku” appears
they took possession ofיִּרְשׁוּyirshu

possess

To occupy a land and make it one's own.

Where else “yirshu” appears
beyondעֵבֶרever

beyond

Past the river, especially the Jordan.

Where else “ever” appears
the Jordanיַּרְדֵּןyarden

Jordan

See it on the mapWhere else “yarden” appears
toward the risingמִזְרְחָmizrach

east

Where the sun rises: the east.

Where else “mizrach” appears
of the sunשָּׁמֶשׁshamesh

sun

The star that gives light and heat by day and marks the day and the year; "under the sun" means in this world.

Where else “shamesh” appears
from the brookנַּחַלnachal

torrent

A channel that runs with water only in the rainy season.

Where else “nachal” appears
Arnonאַרְנוֹןarnon

Arnon

Arnon, a river east of the Jordan that marked the border of Moab. The name means "roaring stream."

Where else “arnon” appears
Mountהַרhar

mountain

A great rise of land, like Sinai or Zion.

Where else “har” appears
Hermonחֶרְמוֹןchermon

Hermon

See it on the mapWhere else “chermon” appears
the Arabahעֲרָבָהarava

Arabah

The valley of the Jordan and the Dead Sea.

Where else “arava” appears

Places in this verse

JerusalemMediterranean SeaJordanHermon
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • 1Jordan

    Today: Jordan River: Israel, West Bank, Jordan, Dead Sea

    Israel's main river; it flows from Mount Hermon in the north, through the Sea of Galilee, to the Dead Sea.

    Israel crossed it on dry ground to enter the promised land (Josh 3:17). Naaman was healed in it (2 Kgs 5:14), and Jesus was immersed in it (Matt 3:13).

    Joshua 3:172 Kings 5:14Matthew 3:13Mark 1:9

  • 2Hermon

    Today: Mount Hermon: Lebanon-Syria border, Israeli-held part

    The highest mountain in northern Israel, on the border with Syria and Lebanon.

    It was the northern limit of what Israel took east of the Jordan (Deut 3:8). The Psalms speak of its dew (Ps 133:3).

    Deuteronomy 3:8Joshua 12:1Psalms 133:3Psalms 89:12

The context

1 · This verse (above)

2Sihon king of the Amorite, who lived in Heshbon, ruling from Aroer, which is on the edge of the brook Arnon, and the middle of the brook, and half of Gilead, as far as the brook Jabbok, the border of the sons of Ammon;

Read all of Joshua 12

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