Joshua 8:20

“The men of Ai turned back and looked, and look, the smoke of the city was going up to the heavens, and they had no strength to flee this way or that way; and the people who were fleeing to the wilderness turned back against the pursuer.”

Joshua 8:20 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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20

Joshua 8:20, word by word

The menאַנְשֵׁיanshe

man

An adult male person; also each man of a people, a trade or a place.

Where else “anshe” appears
turned backיִּפְנוּyifnu

turn

To turn toward something, someone or God.

Where else “yifnu” appears
and lookedיִּרְאוּyiru

see

To see with one's eyes.

Where else “yiru” appears
the smokeעֲשַׁןashan

smoke

Smoke.

Where else “ashan” appears
of the cityעִירir

city

A settled place protected by a wall, with a gate and houses.

Where else “ir” appears
was going upעָלָהala

go up

To go from a low place to a higher one: up the mountain, to Jerusalem or to a city.

Where else “ala” appears
to the heavensשָּׁמַיְמָshamayma

sky

The high space seen above the earth, where the birds, clouds, sun and stars are.

Where else “shamayma” appears
and they hadהָיָהhaya

exist

To exist: "let there be light".

Where else “haya” appears
strengthיָדַיִםyadayim

power

Literally "the hand": the strength and control someone has.

Where else “yadayim” appears
to fleeנוּסnus

flee

To run off to get away from a danger or an enemy.

Where else “nus” appears
and the peopleעָםam

crowd

The people gathered in a place: the crowd, or the troops that go out to war.

Where else “am” appears
to the wildernessמִּדְבָּרmidbar

wilderness

Dry, unfarmed land where flocks graze.

Where else “midbar” appears
turned backנֶהְפַּךְnehpach

turn

To turn one's body or course the other way.

Where else “nehpach” appears
the pursuerרוֹדֵףrodef

pursue

To go after someone to catch them.

Where else “rodef” appears

Translation note

“They had no strength” is literally “there were no hands in them.”

Places in this verse

JerusalemAi?
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • Ai ?

    Today: possibly et-Tell or Khirbet el-Maqatir, West Bank

    A city east of Bethel; its exact site is not certain.

    Israel was defeated there because of Achan's sin (Josh 7:2-5), and later God gave them the victory (Josh 8:1).

    Joshua 7:2Joshua 8:1Genesis 12:8

The context

19And the ambush rose quickly from its place, and they ran as soon as he stretched out his hand, and entered the city and took it; and they hurried and set the city on fire.

20 · This verse (above)

21When Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city and that the smoke of the city was going up, they turned back and struck the men of Ai.

Read all of Joshua 8

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