Judges 12:4

“Then Jephthah gathered all the men of Gilead and fought with Ephraim, and the men of Gilead struck Ephraim, because they had said, “You are fugitives of Ephraim, Gilead, in the midst of Ephraim, in the midst of Manasseh.””

Judges 12:4 · direct translation from the Hebrew
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4

Judges 12:4, word by word

Then Jephthahיִפְתָּחyiftach

Iphtah, Jephthah

Iphtah: a town of Judah in the Shephelah. It is the same name as Jephthah: "he opens."

Where else “yiftach” appears
gatheredיִּקְבֹּץyikbots

gather

To bring people to one place, or to come together there.

Where else “yikbots” appears
the menאַנְשֵׁיanshe

man

An adult male person; also each man of a people, a trade or a place.

Where else “anshe” appears
of Gileadגִלְעָדgilad

Gilead

See it on the mapWhere else “gilad” appears
and foughtיִּלָּחֶםyilachem

fight

To struggle against an enemy with weapons and give battle; God also fights for his people.

Where else “yilachem” appears
with Ephraimאֶפְרָיִםefrayim

Ephraim

Ephraim, the second son of Joseph; also the tribe that came from him and its land, and later a name of the northern kingdom. The name sounds like "be fruitful".

Where else “efrayim” appears
struckיַּכּוּyaku

defeat

To attack and beat in battle.

Where else “yaku” appears
they had saidאָמְרוּamru

say

To say with the mouth to someone what one thinks or wants, or to answer him.

Where else “amru” appears
fugitivesפְּלִיטֵיpelite

fugitive, survivor

Fugitive, survivor: someone who escaped from a battle or a disaster.

Where else “pelite” appears
in the midstתוֹךְtoch

midst

The central point of something, or the company of several: in the midst of them.

Where else “toch” appears
of Manassehמְנַשֶּׁהmenashe

Manasseh

Manasseh, the elder son of Joseph; also the tribe that came from him and its land, and a king of Judah. The name sounds like "make forget".

Where else “menashe” appears

Places in this verse

JerusalemGilead
Approximate location. A “?” means it is not known for sure where it was.
  • Gilead

    Today: northern Jordan, east of the Jordan River

    A hill region east of the Jordan River, in present-day Jordan.

    Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh settled there (Num 32:1, 33). Jephthah was from Gilead (Judg 11:1). Jeremiah spoke of its balm (Jer 8:22).

    Genesis 31:21Numbers 32:1Judges 11:1Jeremiah 8:22

The context

3When I saw that you were not saving, I put my life in my hand and crossed over to the sons of Ammon, and YHWH gave them into my hand. So why have you come up to me this day to fight against me?”

4 · This verse (above)

5Gilead took the fords of the Jordan against Ephraim; and it would happen that when the fugitives of Ephraim said, “Let me cross,” the men of Gilead would say to him, “Are you an Ephraimite?” And he would say, “No.”

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