Grow With Me
Grow With Me

עוּד

ud · warn; testify

Hebrew word · Strong’s number H5749 · appears 44 times in the Bible

What is the Strong number?Strong’s number identifies this word: use it to find the same word in other study tools.

What it means

ud (עוּד) is a Hebrew word of the Bible that means “warn; testify”.

Warn solemnly; bear witness, testify. Also call as witness.

How to say it

ud

Approximate pronunciation. Vowels sound as in Spanish (a as in father, e as in bed, i as in machine, o as in note, u as in rule); the syllable in bold is stressed. The voice is your device's.

Its senses in the Bible

  1. To declare what one knows, or summon others to vouch for one's words.
  2. To warn strongly, calling someone as witness.
  3. To lift up the fallen.

From Brown-Driver-Briggs (1906)

Word study

To bear witness, and hence to warn with all seriousness, to call someone to witness. BDB explains that it comes from ‘repeat, insist’; in another form, ‘surround, sustain’. From the same root is עֵד, ‘witness’ (H5707).

Historical and cultural background

The law of Exodus 21:29 makes the owner of a goring ox responsible if “its owner has been warned but has not kept it in”.

How we translate it

This edition alternates “testify” (“testify” 11 times, “testified” 10) and “warn” (“solemnly warned” 4, “warned” 3), according to whether the text looks to the testimony or to the warning. “I call … to witness” renders the formula of Deuteronomy. In 1 Samuel 8:9 the doubled verb is rendered “you shall solemnly testify”. In Psalms 146 and 147, with the other sense, “sustains”.

How it is translated

The words this translation uses for it, most frequent first.

  • testify ×11
  • testified ×10
  • solemnly warned ×4
  • warned ×3
  • I call to witness ×2
  • sustains ×2
  • warning ×2
  • I will call ×1
  • am testifying ×1
  • bore witness to me ×1
  • others ×7

Related words

Words that come from it

Words of the same family, by Strong’s numbering.

Where it appears

  • Genesis 43:3

    Judah said to him, “The man solemnly warned us, saying, ‘You will not see my face unless your brother is with you.’

  • Exodus 19:21

    YHWH said to Moses, “Go down, warn the people, lest they break through to YHWH to look, and many of them fall.

  • Exodus 19:23

    Moses said to YHWH, “The people cannot come up to Mount Sinai, for you warned us, saying, ‘Set limits around the mountain and consecrate it.’ ”

  • Exodus 21:29

    But if an ox has been given to goring in the past, and its owner has been warned but has not kept it in, and it kills a man or a woman, the ox shall be stoned, and its owner also shall be put to death.

  • Deuteronomy 4:26

    I call the heavens and the earth to witness against you today that you will surely perish quickly from the land to which you are crossing the Jordan to take possession of it. You will not prolong your days on it, but you will surely be destroyed.

  • Deuteronomy 8:19

    But it will be, if you do forget YHWH your Elohim and go after other gods and serve them and bow down to them, I testify against you today that you will surely perish.

  • Deuteronomy 30:19

    I call the heavens and the earth to witness against you today: life and death I have set before you, the blessing and the curse. And you shall choose life, so that you may live, you and your offspring,

  • Deuteronomy 31:28

    Assemble to me all the elders of your tribes and your supervisors, so that I may speak in their ears these words and call the heavens and the earth to witness against them.

  • Deuteronomy 32:46

    and he said to them, “Set your heart on all the words that I am testifying against you today, so that you may command them to your sons, to take care to do all the words of this instruction.

  • 1 Samuel 8:9

    And now, listen to their voice; only you shall solemnly testify against them and declare to them the right of the king who will reign over them.”

  • 1 Kings 2:42

    And the king sent and called Shimei and said to him, “Did I not make you swear by YHWH, and testify against you, saying, ‘On the day you go out and go this way or that, know for certain that you shall surely die’? And you said to me, ‘The word is good; I have heard it.’

  • 1 Kings 21:10

    and seat two men, perverse men, opposite him, and let them testify against him, saying, ‘You have cursed Elohim and the king’; then take him out and stone him, and let him die.”

  • 1 Kings 21:13

    And the two men, perverse men, came in and sat opposite him; and the perverse men testified against Naboth before the people, saying, “Naboth has cursed Elohim and the king.” So they took him out outside the city and stoned him with stones, and he died.

  • 2 Kings 17:13

    YHWH testified against Israel and against Judah through all his prophets, every seer, saying, “Turn from your evil ways and keep my commandments, my statutes, according to all the instruction that I commanded your fathers and that I sent to you through my servants the prophets.”

  • 2 Kings 17:15

    They despised his statutes and his covenant that he made with their fathers, and his testimonies that he testified against them; and they went after what is vain and became vain, and after the nations that were around them, about which YHWH had commanded them not to do like them.

  • 2 Chronicles 24:19

    He sent prophets among them to bring them back to YHWH; they testified against them, but they did not give ear.

  • Nehemiah 9:26

    But they were rebellious and rebelled against you, and cast your law behind their back, and your prophets they killed, who testified against them to turn them back to you; and they committed great acts of contempt.

  • Nehemiah 9:29

    And you testified against them to turn them back to your law; yet they acted with arrogance and did not listen to your commandments, and against your rules they sinned, which, if a person does them, he will live by them; and they gave a rebellious shoulder, and their neck they hardened, and did not listen.

  • Nehemiah 9:30

    And you were patient with them many years, and testified against them by your spirit through your prophets, but they did not give ear; so you gave them into the hand of the peoples of the lands.

  • Nehemiah 9:34

    And our kings, our officials, our priests, and our fathers did not do your law, nor pay attention to your commandments or to your testimonies with which you testified against them.

  • Nehemiah 13:15

    In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in the heaps and loading them on the donkeys, and also wine, grapes, and figs, and every kind of burden, and bringing them into Jerusalem on the day of the Sabbath; and I testified on the day they sold provisions.

  • Nehemiah 13:21

    But I testified against them and said to them, “Why are you spending the night in front of the wall? If you do it again, I will lay a hand on you.” From that time they did not come on the Sabbath.

  • Job 29:11

    For the ear heard and called me happy, and the eye saw and bore witness to me,

  • Psalms 20:8

    They have bent the knee and fallen, but we have risen and stand firm.

  • Psalms 50:7

    “Hear, my people, and I will speak; Israel, and I will testify against you; I am Elohim, your Elohim.

  • Psalms 81:8

    Hear, my people, and I will testify against you; Israel, if you would listen to me!

  • Psalms 119:61

    The cords of the wicked have wrapped around me; your instruction I have not forgotten.

  • Psalms 146:9

    YHWH keeps the resident aliens; the orphan and the widow he sustains, but the way of the wicked he makes crooked.

  • Psalms 147:6

    YHWH sustains the humble; he brings down the wicked to the ground.

  • Isaiah 8:2

    And I will call for myself faithful witnesses, Uriah the priest and Zechariah son of Jeberechiah.

  • Jeremiah 6:10

    To whom shall I speak and give warning, that they may hear? Look, their ear is uncircumcised, and they cannot pay attention; look, the word of YHWH has become to them a reproach; they take no pleasure in it.

  • Jeremiah 11:7

    For I solemnly warned your fathers on the day I brought them up from the land of Egypt, and until this day, rising early and warning, saying: ‘Listen to my voice.’

  • Jeremiah 32:10

    And I wrote it in the deed and sealed it, and had witnesses testify, and weighed the silver on the scales.

  • Jeremiah 32:25

    Yet you have said to me, Adonai YHWH, “Buy for yourself the field with silver, and have witnesses testify,” though the city has been given into the hand of the Chaldeans.’”

  • Jeremiah 32:44

    Fields they will buy with silver, and write in deeds, and seal them, and have witnesses testify, in the land of Benjamin, and in the surroundings of Jerusalem, and in the cities of Judah, and in the cities of the hill country, and in the cities of the Shephelah, and in the cities of the Negev; for I will bring back their captivity, declares YHWH.”

  • Jeremiah 42:19

    YHWH has spoken against you, remnant of Judah: ‘Do not go to Egypt.’ Know for certain that I have warned you today.

  • Lamentations 2:13

    What shall I cite as witness for you? What shall I liken to you, O daughter of Jerusalem? What shall I compare to you so that I may comfort you, virgin daughter of Zion? For great as the sea is your shattering; who can heal you?

  • Amos 3:13

    Hear and testify against the house of Jacob, declares Adonai YHWH, Elohim Tsevaot.

  • Zechariah 3:6

    And the angel of YHWH solemnly declared to Joshua, saying,

  • Malachi 2:14

    And you say, “Why?” Because YHWH has been witness between you and the wife of your youth, whom you have betrayed, though she is your companion and the wife of your covenant.

And 4 more times.